Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Blechnum spicant is a species of fern within its own family (Blechnaceae) known by the common name Deer Fern. It is native to Europe and western North America. In California it is found primarily along the coast from Santa Cruz northward. It is found is damp, shaded forest areas such as Redwood Forest and Mixed Evergreen Forest. Like some other Blechnum species it has two types of leaves. The sterile leaves have flat, wavy-margined leaflets 5 to 8 millimeters wide and arch gracefully, while the fertile leaves stand upright and have much narrower leaflets, each with two thick rows of sori on the underside. It typically goes dormant in winter. This is a very popular garden fern that can be used in coastal southern California if given shade, water and not too much heat.

Plant type

Fern

Size

2 - 4 ft Tall
2 ft Wide

Form

Upright, Fountain

Growth rate

Moderate

Dormancy

Winter Deciduous

Fragrance

None

Special uses

Containers, Deer resistant

Sun

Deep Shade, Partial Shade

Water

Low, Moderate

Summer irrigation

Max 1x / month once established

Soil drainage

Medium

Soil description

Prefers rich, forest soil with well-decomposed organic component derived from decaying wood. For garden purposes add redwood compost to soil mix.

Maintenance

Cut back dead fronds in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges.

Sunset Zones

4*, 5*, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16*, 17*, 18, 19, 24

Site type

Moist places in old growth forests, woodlands and wetlands below 3, 000 ft.

Plant communities

Mixed Evergreen Forest, Forest, Wetland-Riparian

Use in a shaded, moist woodland garden with compatible trees and plants such as Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), Firs (Abies spp.), Spruce (Picea spp.), and Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), other native ferns such as Giant Chain Fern (Woodwardia fimbriata), Thimbleberry (Rubus parviflorus), Salal (Gaultheria shallon), Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.), Wild ginger (Asarum caudatum), and Elk's Clover (Aralia californica)