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Slender Clarkia

Clarkia exilis

Clarkia exilis is a small herbaceous annual plant of western North America. It is an uncommon species in the evening primrose family known by the common names Kern River clarkia and slender clarkia. C. exilis is an annual herb producing a slender, erect stem often exceeding half a meter in height. The bright green leaves are lance-shaped to narrowly oval, hairless, up to 6 centimeters long, and sometimes lacking petioles. The top of the stem is occupied by the inflorescence, with open flowers and deflexed buds towards the tip of the stem. The sepals and ovary may be lightly hairy (but typically distinctly less so than its sister-species Clarkia unguiculata). The sepals will remain fused together along one side as the petals bloom. Each of the four petals has a narrow claw and diamond-shaped limb. The entire petal is up to 1. 5 centimeters long and white or soft purple or pink, sometimes with a purple spot. There are eight stamens, four of which have large reddish anthers and four with smaller, paler anthers. At maturity the style is equal to the stamens. The fruit is a capsule up to 3 centimeters long and about 2 millimeters wide that may contain from a few to 80 seeds. C. exilis is endemic to California, where it is known only from the woodlands of the southernmost Sierra Nevada foothills immediately northeast of Bakersfield and the adjacent Tehachapi Mountains. Populations are largely proximal to the Kern River and its nearby drainages, with some few populations found to the immediate west in the foothills of the Sierra as they descend to the Great Central Valley.

Presidio Clarkia

Clarkia franciscana

Clarkia franciscana is a rare species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name Presidio clarkia. It is endemic to the San Francisco Bay Area of California, where it is known only from two populations at the Presidio of San Francisco and three occurrences in Oakland. The plant is known only from serpentine soils. Clarkia franciscana is a federally listed endangered species. The two San Francisco populations are on land which is protected from development but is affected by many other factors including invasive plant species, trampling, and landscaping of vegetation. The three Oakland populations are probably the remnants of one population that was fragmented by development in the heavily altered urban habitat. The largest of the three occurrences is partially protected at Redwood Regional Park, but the other two are on privately owned property which is proposed to undergo some development. Construction of housing is proposed on the site, with less than an acre being left undeveloped as a compromise between developers and environmental advocates. The Presidio clarkia, Clarkia franciscana, is an erect annual herb growing up to about 40 centimeters in maximum height. The leaves are narrowly lance-shaped and up to about 3. 5 centimeters long. The top of the stem is occupied by the inflorescence, which bears opening flowers and closed, erect flower buds. The sepals stay fused together as the petals bloom from one side. The small corolla is bowl-shaped, with petals up to 1. 3 centimeters long and wedge-shaped with mostly flat tips. The petals are lavender-pink in color, darkest at the tips and lightening to nearly white at the base, where there is a deep red spot. The plant is self-pollinating. The population sizes are variable from year to year; sometimes there are no plants seen at all, the seed banks remaining dormant until conditions improve.

Jolon Clarkia

Clarkia jolonensis

Clarkia jolonensis is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name Jolon clarkia. It is endemic to Monterey County, California, where it is known from the woodlands of the Central Coast Ranges. This is an erect annual herb growing a hairless, waxy stem up to about half a meter in maximum height. The leaves are lance-shaped and a few centimeters long. The top of the stem is occupied by an erect inflorescence with opening flowers below an erect array of closed, hanging flower buds. The sepals of the bud remain fused as it opens into a bloom. The fan-shaped lavender petals are often flecked with red and tinted with pink, each measuring one or two centimeters long. There are 8 stamens, some of which have large lavender anthers, and some bearing smaller, paler anthers. This is an erect annual herb growing a hairless, waxy stem up to about half a meter in maximum height. The leaves are lance-shaped and a few centimeters long. The top of the stem is occupied by an erect inflorescence with opening flowers below an erect array of closed, hanging flower buds. The sepals of the bud remain fused as it opens into a bloom. The fan-shaped lavender petals are often flecked with red and tinted with pink, each measuring one or two centimeters long. There are 8 stamens, some of which have large lavender anthers, and some bearing smaller, paler anthers. This plant is very similar to, and historically confused with, Clarkia lewisii, which differs from C. jolonensis in that the former has a curved inflorescence with closely packed nodding flower buds, while the latter has an erect, widely spaced inflorescence. Some of the few known occurrences of this plant may actually be its sister species, making it rarer than officially listed.

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