Streptanthus fenestratus is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Tehipite Valley jewelflower. It is endemic to Fresno County, California, where it is known only from the high mountain peaks of the Sierra Nevada in Kings Canyon National Park. It grows in coniferous forests. There are about ten populations. Streptanthus fenestratus is an annual herb producing a hairless, waxy stem up 35 or 40 centimeters in maximum height. The basal leaves have blades divided into several lobes or leaflets. Leaves higher on the stem have oval or lance-shaped blades usually not subdivided. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem with one or two leaflike green or purple-tipped bracts at the base of the raceme. Each flower has a tubular urn-shaped calyx of purple sepals just under a centimeter long. Light petals up to 1. 5 centimeters long emerge from the tip of the calyx. The fruit is a flat, narrow silique up to 5 centimeters long. One of the main threats to this species is trampling by hikers.

Streptanthus glandulosus is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name bristly jewelflower. It is native to California and southwestern Oregon, where it grows in many types of habitat, including grassland, chaparral, and woodlands. Genetic and other analyses indicate that it is a species complex with ten subspecies which evolved as populations were isolated from each other. The complex includes subspecies previously considered separate species, such as the rare Tiburon jewelflower (ssp. niger) endemic to the San Francisco Bay Area. Plants in the complex are variable. In general they are annual herbs growing 10 centimeters to over a meter in height. They may be hairless to hairy to bristly. The ephemeral basal leaves have blades borne on winged petioles. Leaves higher on the stem are linear to lance-shaped and clasp the stem at their bases. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each flower has an urn-shaped calyx of sepals one half to over one centimeter long which can be most any color from white to yellowish to pink or purple to nearly black. Purple, white, or purple-veined white petals emerge from the tip. The fruit is a straight or curving silique up to 11 centimeters long.

Metcalf Canyon Jewelflower (Streptanthus albidus) is a native annual herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in slopes and flats, at elevations from 500-2600 feet.

Most Beautiful Jewel Flower (Streptanthus glandulosus ssp. glandulosus) is a rare native annual herb that grows in Southern and Central California, primarily in the SF Bay, the South Coast Range and South Coast regions.

Hoffmann's Jewelflower (Streptanthus glandulosus var. hoffmanii) is a rare native annual herb that grows in central California.

Secund Jewelflower (Streptanthus glandulosus ssp. secundus) is a native annual herb that grows in Central and Northern California, primarily in the North Coast, the North Coast Range and SF Bay regions. It tends to grow at elevations from 0-2600 feet.

Streptanthus gracilis is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name alpine jewelflower. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the Kings-Kern Divide in the Sierra Nevada, a series of high mountain peaks near the intersection of Tulare, Fresno, and Inyo Counties. It grows in weathered rocky habitat such as talus. Streptanthus gracilis is an annual herb producing a slender, hairless, waxy stem up to 30 or 35 centimeters tall. The basal leaves have toothed oblong blades borne on petioles. Leaves higher on the stem have shorter blades which may have short petioles or may clasp the stem at their bases. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has an urn-shaped calyx of pink sepals about half a centimeter long with pink petals emerging from the tip. The fruit is a thin, straight or curving silique up to 7 centimeters long.

Streptanthus hispidus, the Mt. Diablo jewelflower, is a rare species of flowering plant in the mustard family. It is endemic to Contra Costa County, California, where it is known from fewer than 15 occurrences on and around Mount Diablo. It grows in rocky outcrops in grassland and chaparral habitat. It is threatened by habitat degradation, such as trampling by hikers and destruction during maintenance activities. Streptanthus hispidus is a bristly annual herb growing up to 30 centimeters tall. Flowers occur in a raceme, the uppermost ones often sterile and different in form. The bristly bell-shaped calyx of sepals is greenish brown in the fertile flowers and purple in the sterile. Fertile flowers have four light purple petals up to a centimeter long. The fruit is a bristly silique up to 8 centimeters in length.

Streptanthus howellii is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Howell's jewelflower. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of southern Oregon and northern California. It grows in mountain forests on serpentine soils. It is a perennial herb producing a hairless, often waxy-textured stem up to 70 or 80 centimeters in maximum length. It is generally unbranched. The ephemeral basal leaves have fleshy oval blades with smooth or toothed edges, borne on petioles. Leaves farther up the stem are similar but smaller and narrower, with shorter petioles or none. They do not clasp the stem. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has a calyx of purple sepals under a centimeter long with purple-tipped yellow petals emerging from the tip. The fruit is a thin, smooth, curved silique up to 12 centimeters long. This rare plant is threatened by wildfire suppression; it would be more common if its habitat were allowed its natural fire regime. It is also threatened by mining operations.

Streptanthus insignis is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names plumed jewelflower and San Benito jewelflower. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the Inner Central Coast Ranges. It grows in grassland and chaparral habitat, usually on serpentine soils. It is an annual herb producing a hairy, bristly, branching stem up to about 60 centimeters long. The lance-shaped basal leaves are borne on short petioles. Leaves midway up the stem are longer, and those near the top are shorter. They sometimes clasp the stem at their bases. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. The uppermost flowers are often sterile and different in form. Each fertile flower has a bell-shaped calyx of sepals which is purple or greenish-yellow depending on subspecies. The petals at the tip are purplish or yellowish, also depending on subspecies. The fruit is a flat, straight silique which may be over 11 centimeters long. There are two subspecies. The rarer, Arburua Ranch jewelflower (ssp. lyonii), is known from a just few occurrences near Los Banos. This taxon has greenish yellow flowers, sometimes tinged with purple.

Streptanthus longisiliquus (orth. var. S. longisiliqus) is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name long-fruit jewelflower. It was first described to science in 2007. It is endemic to northern California, where it is known from Butte, Tehama, and Shasta Counties. It can be found in forest and woodland habitat in mountains and foothills. It is a short-lived perennial herb producing a few-branched stem up to 1. 2 to 1. 5 meters in maximum height. It is mostly hairless except for some light hairs on the inflorescences and sometimes the leaf petioles. The basal leaves have oval or spoon-shaped blades up to 10 centimeters long, usually with smooth edges. Leaves higher on the stem are oval or oblong and lack petioles, their bases often clasping the stem. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each flower has a bell-shaped calyx of sepals which yellow-green at the base and purplish at the tip, measuring under a centimeter in length. The petals emerging from the end are brownish or purplish with greenish bases. The fruit is a flattened, curving silique that can be quite long even for the genus, measuring up to 15 centimeters in length.

Streptanthus morrisonii is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Morrison's jewelflower. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the North and Central Coast Ranges. It is limited to serpentine soils in chaparral and forest habitat. It is considered a species complex which includes Streptanthus brachiatus. S. morrisonii is divided into four subspecies and is variable. In general, it is a biennial herb producing a hairless, waxy stem up to 1. 2 to 1. 5 meters in maximum height, often branching at the tip. The basal leaves have fleshy, lance-shaped blades 3 to 5 centimeters long borne on petioles. The blades are gray-green on the upper surface and purple or purple-mottled underneath. Leaves higher on the stem are variable in shape and become smaller toward the top of the plant. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has an urn-shaped calyx of keeled sepals in shades of yellow-green to purple. The petals emerging from the tip are whitish with purple-brown veining. The fruit is a flattened straight or slightly curved silique up to 8 centimeters long. Threats to this species include boron toxicity from the steam of nearby geothermal power plants.

Streptanthus oliganthus is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Masonic Mountain jewelflower. It is native to western Nevada and eastern California, where it grows in the rocky hills east of the central Sierra Nevada. Its habitat includes forest, woodland, sagebrush, and mountain talus. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing a hairless, waxy, usually unbranched stem up to about 40 or 50 centimeters in maximum height. The basal leaves have lance-shaped, smooth-edged blades up to 10 centimeters long borne on fuzzy to rough-haired petioles. Leaves higher on the stem have shorter blades which may clasp the stem at their bases. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has a bell-shaped calyx of purple sepals no more than a centimeter long. The petals emerging from the tip are reddish purple or purple-tipped. The fruit is a smooth, flat, straight or slightly curved silique up to 8 to 10 centimeters long.

Streptanthus polygaloides is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name milkwort jewelflower. It is endemic to the Sierra Nevada foothills of California, where it grows in woodlands and chaparral, generally on serpentine soils. Streptanthus polygaloides is quite variable in morphology. In general, it is an annual herb producing a hairless, sometimes waxy-textured stem under 10 centimeters to nearly one meter tall. The ephemeral basal leaves have blades divided into narrow segments and borne on petioles. Leaves higher on the stem have simple, linear blades up to 10 centimeters long which lack petioles. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has a folded, hooded, calyx of deeply keeled sepals in shades of greenish yellow to purple. Brown-veined white petals emerge from the tip. The fruit is a smooth, straight, flat or four-angled silique up to 5 centimeters in length. Hyperaccumulator of nickel. The Streptanthus polygaloides plant is a hyperaccumulator of nickel, with hyperaccumulation defined as the presence of at least 1,000 μg nickel per gram of dry mass. This species averages 2,430 to 18,600 μg/g. This trait helps protect the plant against many types of pathogens, including the powdery mildew Erysiphe polygoni, the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris, and the fungus Alternaria brassicola. It also helps defend the plant from leaf-chewing insects such as the red-legged grasshopper (Melanoplus femurrubrum) and the moth Evergestis rimosalis, and root-feeding insects like the cabbage maggot (Delia radicum). The high nickel levels in the plant have also been shown to protect it against the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). On the other hand, they do not affect all herbivorous insects that attack the plant, perhaps because some insects eat parts of the plant low in nickel, or can tolerate high-nickel diets, or include other, less toxic plant matter in their diets. In fact, some insects thrive on a high-nickel diet, such as the mirid bug Melanotrichus boydi, which specializes on this plant. Phytoremediation. The plant's ability to draw relatively large amounts of nickel from the soil make it of interest as an agent of phytoremediation in soils polluted with heavy metals.

Streptanthus tortuosus is a biennial or short lived perennial plant in the Mustard Family (Brassicaceae) known by the common names shieldplant, shieldleaf, and mountain jewelflower. It is native to the mountains of northern and central California, its distribution extending just into Oregon and Nevada. It grows in rocky and sandy areas in forests and woodland habitat.

Streptanthus vernalis is a rare species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name early jewelflower. It was first observed in the 1970s but not actually described to science until 2005. It is endemic to Lake County, California, where it is known from a single occurrence at Three Peaks near the Napa County line. It is apparently limited to serpentine outcrops in forested and chaparral habitat. Genetic analysis indicates that the species is distinct from other Streptanthus and is most closely related to Streptanthus morrisonii, which it resembles. It is a hairless annual herb producing an erect branching or unbranched stem 2 to 20 centimeters tall. The ephemeral basal leaves have thick, fleshy leaves which are green and unmottled on top and purple on the undersides. Leaves higher on the stem are linear to lance-shaped and lack petioles. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each flower has an urn-shaped calyx of sepals which is solid green with no purple or yellowish tinge. The petals emerging from the tip are white without darker veining. The fruit is a flattened straight silique 3 to 5 centimeters long containing orange seeds.

Streptopus amplexifolius (twistedstalk, clasping twistedstalk,claspleaf twistedstalk, white twisted-stalk, or watermelon berry) is a species of flowering plant in the family Liliaceae, native to North America, Europe and Asia. It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 40-100 cm tall, with alternate, oblong-lanceolate leaves 5-14 cm long. The greenish-white flowers hang from axils on 1-2 cm thin kinked panicles, each flower with six white tepals, 9-15 mm long. The plants leaves completely encircle the stem, and the stems have a kink at each leaf axil giving the plants stem a "twisted" and wiry appearance. The plants grow in a creeping habit in moist, dense undergrowth. Streptopus amplexifolius is widely distributed across North America (Greenland, northern United States including Alaska; and most of Canada including Yukon and Northwest Territories). The plant is most often found near shaded stream banks and in moist thickets of the montane and subalpine zones across most of North America. It is also found in central and southern Europe (from Spain to Ukraine and as far north as Germany and Poland) and in eastern Asia (Japan, Korea, Myanmar (Burma) and eastern Russia (Yakutia, Amur, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Kuril Islands, Khabarovsk, Primorye)).

Strombocarpa pubescens, commonly known as Screwbean Mesquite or Tornillo, is a species of flowering shrub or small tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to the southwestern United States (Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, California, southern Nevada and Utah) and northern Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora). In California it is found primarily in desert areas from Inyo County southward. It has light brown bark, usually short, straight spines (1-3 centimeter/0.39-1.2 inches), twice-compound leaves, and numerous, small, yellowish flowers appearing in elongate spikes. It is found along streams and valleys in deserts, particularly in damp or saline soil, and grows to about 7 meter (23 feet). It is distinguished from the very similar Honey Mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) by its tightly twisted seedpods (legumes) which very much resemble turned screws. This morphology may have been an evolutionary defense against seed predators such as bean weevils (Bruchinae). Like Honey Mesquite, these seed pods are valued by wildlife and were eaten by native people.

Struthiopteris spicant is a species of fern within its own family (Blechnaceae) known by the common name Deer Fern. It is native to Europe and western North America. In California it is found primarily along the coast from Santa Cruz northward. It is found is damp, shaded forest areas such as Redwood Forest and Mixed Evergreen Forest. Like some other Blechnum species it has two types of leaves. The sterile leaves have flat, wavy-margined leaflets 5 to 8 millimeters wide and arch gracefully, while the fertile leaves stand upright and have much narrower leaflets, each with two thick rows of sori on the underside. It typically goes dormant in winter. This is a very popular garden fern that can be used in coastal southern California if given shade, water and not too much heat.

Potamogeton pectinatus, called fennel pondweed (UK) or sago pondweed (US), is a cosmopolitan water plant species that grows in fresh and brackish water on all continents except Antarctica. It is fully submerged and does not have any floating or emerged leaves. The flowers are wind pollinated and the seeds float. Tubers that are rich in starch, are formed on the rhizomes. Dispersal can either be vegetative with tubers and plant fragments or sexual with seeds. The whole plant provide food for different species of waterbirds.

Stuckenia striata is a species of aquatic plant known by the common names broadleaf pondweed Nevada pondweed and striped pondweed. It is native to the Americas, including the southwestern United States, northern Mexico, and parts of Central and South America. It grows in waterways such as rivers, canals, and shallow ponds, often in alkaline water. This is a perennial herb producing a long, thin, branching stem approaching two meters in maximum length. The narrow, hairlike leaves are up to 10 centimeters long and only a few millimeters wide. The inflorescence is a spike of flowers arranged in whorls and borne on a short peduncle.

Atriplex phyllostegia is a species of saltbush known by the common names arrowscale, leafcover saltweed, and Truckee orach. It is native to the western United States from California to Utah, where it grows in meadow bottoms and areas with saline soils such as dry or ephemeral lakes. This is an annual herb with a mainly erect branching green stem growing up to 40 centimeters tall. The distinctive leaves are fleshy and diamond or arrowhead-shaped and 1 to 4 centimeters long. The plant is generally monoecious, although some individuals bear only female flowers. Male and female flowers appear in the leaf axils, and the male flowers are sometimes borne in spikelike flower clusters. The female flower clusters are enclosed in leafeoles which may be up to 2 centimeters long and resemble the leaves.

Stylocline citroleum is a rare species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name oil neststraw. It is endemic to Kern County, California, where it is known from about 46 occurrences on and around the Elk Hills Oil Field. The occurrences are patchy and variable in size, and some sources consider them to be part of a single widely spread metapopulation. The species has been collected from coastal San Diego County, but any occurrences there are probably now extirpated. The plant has been known for over one hundred years, and the type specimen was collected in 1935, but it was not described to science as a distinct species until 1992. Stylocline citroleum grows in the valley saltbush scrub ecosystem in the sandy flats and clay soils of the San Joaquin Valley in areas developed into oil fields, the inspiration for the common and scientific names of the species. The plant probably evolved as a hybrid of mountain neststraw (Stylocline gnaphaloides) and California filago (Filago californica), and it is almost always found growing alongside one or both of its parent species. This inconspicuous annual herb produces a grayish, trailing, forking stem no more than 13 centimeters long. The grayish, woolly, pointed leaves are up to 1. 4 centimeters long. The inflorescence bears spherical flower heads just a few millimeters long with tiny, rough-haired phyllaries and scaly, woolly florets. It is hard to tell apart from other Stylocline because its defining characteristics are microscopic.

Stylocline gnaphaloides (often misspelled S. gnaphalioides) is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names mountain neststraw and everlasting neststraw. The plant is native to southern California and Arizona in the southwestern United States; and to Baja California and Sonora in northwestern Mexico. It can be found in many types of habitat, becoming common in some areas. Stylocline gnaphaloides is a small annual herb growing at ground level and reaching just a few centimeters in length. It is usually coated in white hairs, often woolly. The small, blunt leaves are alternately arranged, each up to 1. 4 centimeters long. The inflorescence bears spherical flower heads each a few millimeters in diameter. The head has 2 to 4 white-haired phyllaries and tiny woolly white flowers.

Stylocline intertexta is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Morefield's neststraw and Mojave neststraw. It is native to the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts of California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona, where it grows in rocky, sandy desert soils. It likely evolved as a hybrid between woollyhead neststraw (Stylocline micropoides) and baretwig neststraw (S. psilocarphoides); it is a mix of their morphological traits and it occurs alongside both of them. It reproduces itself, producing fertile offspring, and it meets other criteria for any other definition of a species, so it was described to science as such in 1992. It is a small annual herb growing at ground level and reaching just a few centimeters in length. It is usually coated in white hairs, often woolly. The small, pointed leaves are oval to lance-shaped and measure up to 1. 5 centimeters long. The inflorescence bears spherical flower heads each a few millimeters in diameter. The head has no phyllaries, just a ball of tiny woolly white flowers.

Stylocline masonii is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name Mason's neststraw. It is endemic to California, where it is known from scattered occurrences between Monterey and Los Angeles Counties. It grows in various types of sandy habitat. It is similar to baretwig neststraw (Stylocline psilocarphoides) and was taxonomically separated from it in 1992. It is a small, inconspicuous plant that can only be identified with certainty during its flowering period, which occurs for two to four weeks during wet years. It is an annual herb growing at ground level and reaching just a few centimeters in length. It is usually coated in white hairs, often woolly. The leaves are no longer than 11 millimeters in length. The inflorescence bears cylindrical, oval, or nearly spherical flower heads each 2 to 5 millimeters. The head generally has no phyllaries, just a ball of tiny woolly white flowers.

Stylocline micropoides is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names woollyhead neststraw, woollyhead fanbract and desert neststraw. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern areas in the northern states of Mexico, where it grows in desert habitat and other dry areas. It is a small annual herb growing at ground level with stems up to 20 centimeters in length. It is woolly or felt-like in texture with a coating of white hairs. The pointed leaves are up to 2 centimeters long and alternately arranged. The inflorescence bears spherical flower heads no more than a centimeter in diameter. The head generally has no phyllaries, or has small ones that fall away early. It contains several woolly white flowers.

Stylocline psilocarphoides is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names baretwig neststraw and Peck's neststraw. It is native to the western United States from Idaho to southeastern California, where it grows in deserts and other dry, sandy, gravelly habitat. It is a small annual herb growing at ground level with stems measuring 1 to 18 centimeters in length. It is woolly or felt-like in texture with a coating of white hairs. The pointed leaves are up to 1. 8 centimeters long and alternately arranged. The inflorescence bears oval flower heads no more than half a centimeter in diameter. The head generally has no phyllaries, or has small ones that fall away early. It is a hardened ball of several woolly white flowers.

Storax (Styrax redivivus) is a uncommon native shrub that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in grassy and open places, at elevations from 0-5000 feet.

Suaeda calceoliformis is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by several common names, including Pursh seepweed and horned seablite. The plant is native to North America, where it can be found across most of the continent except for parts of the Southeastern United States. It is a halophyte, growing in areas of high soil salinity and alkalinity, such as playas, salt flats, beaches, marshes and other wetlands, and the edges of roads that are salted in the winter. Suaeda calceoliformis is an annual herb with waxy green to red or striped, bicolored stems growing up to 80 centimeters long. It may grow erect to prostrate in shape, the prostrate forms being more common in higher salinity substrates because they can retain more water. The fleshy, waxy leaves are up to 4 centimeters long, linear in shape, and lie nearly against the stem instead of spreading away from it. The inflorescence is an elongated cyme of flowers shaped like a branching spike. It is dense with many tight clusters of flowers with leaflike bracts growing between them. There are three to five flowers per cluster, each with a calyx of horned sepals and no petals. The fruit is an utricle that grows within the calyx.

Suaeda californica is a rare species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common name California seablite. It is endemic to San Luis Obispo County, California, where it is known from a few occurrences in the marshes around Morro Bay. Suaeda californica is a mound-shaped shrub up to 80 centimeters tall with hairless or slightly hairy succulent green or red-tinged herbage. The woody stems have many branches which are covered with the knoblike bases of old leaves. Between these grow the new leaves, which are lance-shaped and up to 3. 5 centimeters long. The flowers occur between the leaves, all along the stems. Each cluster has 1 to 5 flowers and is accompanied by a leaflike bract. The calyx is a cone of fleshy, rounded sepals, and there are no petals. The fruit is an utricle that grows within the calyx. Habitat. This rare plant, Suaeda californica, grows in a restricted area within the intertidal zone of salt marshes. It is threatened by anything that alters the hydrology of the area, such as changes in sedimentation, including dredging, erosion, and recreation. It requires a porous substrate high in nitrogen, which may come from decaying plant matter and bird droppings. Invasive plant species such as introduced ice plant threaten remaining occurrences and reintroductions. Endangered status. It once occurred around the San Francisco Bay, but any populations there are now extirpated. It probably once grew along the Petaluma River north of the bay, as remains of the species have been found in adobe bricks there. By 1991 the total remaining number of individuals was estimated to be below 500, and the plant was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 1994. Some carefully tended populations have been planted as reintroductions at locations around the San Francisco Bay.

Suaeda esteroa is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common name estuary seablite. It is a yellow-green to reddish subshrub with fleshy, succulent leaves. It is native to the estuaries and salt marshes of coastal southern California and Baja California.

Suaeda nigra (formerly Suaeda moquinii) is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common names Mojave seablite and bush seepweed. Suaeda nigra is native to much of western North America, from central Canada through the Western United States, Great Basin, the Mojave Desert in California, and into northern Mexico. It grows in many types of habitat with saline and alkaline substrates, such as desert flats, playas, and seeps. It is mostly an inland species but is occasionally seen in coastal areas, such as estuaries. Suaeda nigra is a shrub or subshrub growing from a woody base with many spreading branches, reaching up to 1. 5 metres (4. 9 ft) in height. The plants may grow as annuals at times. The species is genetically diverse and quite variable in appearance. It may be hairy to hairless but is usually waxy. It may be green to red to dark purple in color, sometimes almost black. The fleshy leaves are linear to lance-shaped, 1 to 3 centimeters long, and flat or cylindrical. Flowers occur in clusters along the upper stems, each cluster containing 1 to 12 flowers. Leaflike bracts accompany the clusters. The flower has no petals and is composed of a calyx of fleshy, rounded sepals. The fruit is an utricle that grows within the calyx.

Suaeda taxifolia is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common name woolly seablite. It is native to the coastline of southern California and Baja California, where it grows in saline habitat such as salt marshes, beaches, dunes, and scrub. It is quite variable in appearance. Suaeda taxifolia is a generally a shrub or subshrub spreading or growing erect to a maximum height near 1. 5 metres (4. 9 ft). It is hairless to densely hairy, and waxy in texture. It has woody lower stems and fleshy green to reddish upper stems. The succulent leaves are lance-shaped to nearly oval, measuring up to 3 centimeters in length. They vary in color from bluish to green to yellowish or reddish. There is usually a knobby bump at the base of each. Flowers occur in clusters along the stems, each cluster containing 1 to 3 flowers. Leaflike bracts accompany the clusters. The flower has no petals and is composed of a calyx of fleshy, rounded, hairy sepals. The fruit is an utricle that grows within the calyx.

Subularia aquatica is an aquatic plant in the mustard family which is known by the common name water awlwort. This is a small herb with awl-like leaves (generally cylindrical but tapering to a sharp point), and growing from a corm above a network of bright white roots. Tiny flowers, each only about a millimeter long, are borne on stalks. Flowers which rise above the surface of the water open, while those that remain submersed stay closed and self-pollinate. The seeds come inside tiny inflated pods. There are two varieties of water awlwort; S. a. var. aquatica is native to Eurasia and S. a. var. americana is native to northern North America. There may also be a Mexican subspecies. This plant grows in ponds, marshes, peat bogs, and other shallow, cold water bodies, often in gravel or sand. NativeNativePalearctic: Siberia: West SiberiaSoviet Far East: Kamchatka OblastNorthern Europe: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Kaliningrad, Norway, Sweden, United KingdomMiddle Europe: Belgium, GermanyEast Europe: Belarus, Central Russia, Central Black Earth, Northern Russia, North Caucasus, Northwestern Russia, Volga, Urals, Volga-VyatkaSoutheastern Europe: BulgariaSouthwestern Europe: France, SpainNearctic: Subarctic America: Northwest Territory, Yukon Territory, Greenland, AlaskaEastern Canada: Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, QuebecWestern Canada: British Columbia, Manitoba, SaskatchewanNortheastern United States: Maine, New Hampshire, New York, VermontNorth-Central United States: MinnesotaNorthwestern United States: Idaho, Montana, Washington, WyomingSouthwestern United States: California, Utah

Swallenia is a rare genus of plants in the grass family, found only in Death Valley National Park, California. The only known species is Swallenia alexandrae, known by the common names Eureka dunegrass and Eureka Valley dune grass. This genus was named for American botanist Jason Richard Swallen (1903-1991). This is a rare plant endemic to Inyo County, California, where it is found on a single isolated dune system, the Eureka Valley Sand Dunes in the Eureka Valley of the Mojave Desert, within Death Valley National Park. Swallenia alexandrae is a coarse, tufted perennial grass which grows in sand from thick rhizomes. Its stiffly erect clums, sharp-leafed grass, and erect pale-colored panicle inflorescences are diagnostic. Endangered status. This is a federally listed endangered species of the United States, and an IUCN listed Critically endangered species. The main threat to the species survival has been off-roading, which is no longer permitted in its habitat. Trespassing off-roaders and campers are still a threat to the five remaining occurrences.

Swertia perennis is a species of flowering plant in the gentian family known by the common names felwort and star swertia. It is native to several regions of the northern hemisphere, including much of Eurasia and western North America. It is a plant of wetlands, particularly calcareous fens. It is common to abundant in many areas, but it is known to be negatively impacted by habitat fragmentation and other habitat destruction, and human activity has led to its extirpation from some areas where it was once common. It is a perennial herb producing usually one erect stem growing 10 to 50 centimeters tall. The basal leaves are spoon-shaped with rounded tips, and leaves higher on the plant are widely lance-shaped or somewhat oval, with pointed tips. The inflorescence is an open panicle of flowers atop the stem. Each flower has a calyx of four or five pointed sepals and a corolla of four or five pointed lobes each up to 1. 3 centimeters long. The corolla is dull blue to violet in color with darker purplish veining or stippling. There are two rounded nectary pits at the base of each lobe of the corolla. Stamens tipped with large anthers surround a central ovary.

Snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus) is a deciduous shrub in the honeysuckle family known for its delicate bell-shaped pink flowers in spring and clusters of white berries in fall and winter. Native to moist, shady areas, it thrives as an understory plant in woodlands and along streambanks, forming dense thickets when conditions are favorable.

In the garden, snowberry is an excellent choice for dry shade, though it also tolerates additional water. Its adaptability makes it well-suited for a variety of soils and moisture levels. The shrub provides valuable shelter for wildlife, while its berries serve as a favorite food source for birds. Although the berries are mildly toxic to humans, they are harmless to many animals.

The spring blooms are a reliable source of nectar for bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, adding to its appeal as a habitat-friendly addition to native plant gardens.

Canyon Snowberry is recognized variety of Symphoricarpos albus. For garden purposes, the two are virtually identical. It is a native shrub that grows in northern, southern and central California, along the coast, in the coastal mountain ranges, and in the Sierra foothills. It tends to grow in woods, streambanks and north-facing slopes, at elevations from 0-4000 feet.

It is a beautiful plant with lovely white berries in autumn and a great plant for wildlife gardens. It attracts many birds including hummingbirds, butterflies and many other pollinators. Easy to grow in landscaping applications, and tolerates many different soil types and sun conditions. Prefers relatively moist soils --- best to plant near a stream, seep or irrigated area. See listing for Symphoricarpos albus for additional information.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Selected from san Bruno Mountain.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Selected by Roy Taylor at Tilden park Botanical Garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Selected for the garden.

Symphoricarpos longiflorus is a species of flowering plant in the honeysuckle family known by the common names desert snowberry and fragrant snowberry. It is native to the western United States from the Great Basin to western Texas, as well as northwestern Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Baja California). Symphoricarpos longiflorus grows in rocky desert habitat, sagebrush, chaparral, forests, woodlands, and other habitat. It is most often found in dry habitat types.

Symphoricarpos mollis, with the common names creeping snowberry, Southern California snowberry, and trip vine, is a shrub in the Honeysuckle Family (Caprifoliaceae). It is found in western North America from British Columbia to California inland to Nevada and Idaho.

The shrub does well in warm climates and can tolerate both intense sun and constant shade. It is a plant of chaparral ecosystems, especially along coastlines.

Symphoricarpos rotundifolius is a North American subshrub in the Honeysuckle Family, also known by the common name round-leaved snowberry. Older woody parts are covered in shreddy bark and smaller, newer twigs are coated in fuzzy hairs. The species epithet, rotundifolia ("round leaved") is slightly misleading, since the 1-4 to 3-4 inch (0. 6 to 1. 9 cm) leaves are oval to elliptic, not perfectly circular. Leaves are green above, and pale green with many veins below. Inflorescence and fruit. The inflorescence is a raceme emerging from the leaf axils with one or two pendant flowers having narrowly bell-shaped, pink to white corollas up to 1 cm (0. 4 inch) with a lobed mouth. The fruit is a white berry-like drupe about a centimeter (0. 4 inch) wide, containing two seeds. The genus name means "fruits together", referring to flowers and fruits usually occurring in pairs. It flowers from June to August.