Pappose Tarweed (Centromadia parryi) is a rare native annual herb that grows in Northern, Southern and Central California, primarily in the North Coast, the North Coast Range and South Coast regions. It tends to grow in seasonally wet grassy places, at elevations from 0-1400 feet.

Centromadia pungens, the commmon spikeweed or common tarweed, is a species of North American plants in the tarweed tribe within the sunflower family. It is native to northern Baja California and the western United States (California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona). The plant is considered a noxious weed in parts of the Pacific Northwest. Centromadia pungens is an herb up to 120 cm (48 inches) tall. It produces arrays of numerous yellow flower heads with both ray florets and disc florets.

Centrostegia is a monotypic genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single species in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Centrostegia thurberi is known by the common names Thurber's spineflower and red triangles. It is a petite herb with a distinct red coloration.

Cephalanthus occidentalis is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family, Rubiaceae, that is native to the Central Valley in California, and to eastern and southern North America. Common names include Buttonbush, Common Buttonbush, Button-willow and Honey-bells. C. occidentalis is a deciduous shrub or small tree that averages 1-3 meter (3.3-9.8 feet) in height, but can reach 6 meter (20 feet). The leaves are opposite or in whorls of three, elliptic to ovate, 7-18 centimeter (2.8-7.1 inches) long and 4-10 meter (13-33 feet) broad, with a smooth edge and a short petiole. The flowers are arranged in a dense spherical flower cluster 2-3.5 centimeter (0.79-1.4 inches) in diameter on a short peduncle. Each flower has a fused white to pale yellow four-lobed corolla forming a long slender tube connecting to the sepals. The stigma protrudes slightly from the corolla. The fruit is a spherical cluster of achenes (nutlets).

This plant is easy to grow as long as it's planted near a stream or water source. Often used in wetland revegation project in the Central Valley.

Cerastium arvense is a species of flowering plant in the pink family known by the common names field mouse-ear and field chickweed. It is a widespread species, occurring throughout Europe and North America, as well as parts of South America. It is a variable species. There are several subspecies, but the number and defining characteristics are disputed. Cerastium arvense is a perennial herb growing up to 30 to 45 centimeters tall. It takes the form of a mat, clump, creeper, or upright flower, and may grow from a taproot or tangled system of rhizomes. It is usually somewhat hairy in texture, often with glandular hairs. The leaves are linear, lance-shaped, or oblong, and a few centimeters in length. The inflorescence may consist of a single flower to a dense cluster of many. The flower has five white petals, each with two lobes, and five hairy green sepals at the base. The fruit is a capsule up to 1. 5 centimeters long with ten tiny teeth at the tip. It contains several brown seeds. Cerastium arvense is a perennial herb growing up to 30 to 45 centimeters tall. It takes the form of a mat, clump, creeper, or upright flower, and may grow from a taproot or tangled system of rhizomes. It is usually somewhat hairy in texture, often with glandular hairs.

Bering Chickweed (Cerastium beeringianum) is a native perennial herb that grows in Central California, primarily in the White and Inyo Mountains and High Sierra Nevada regions. It tends to grow in moist rocky places, at elevations from 8500-12200 feet.

Ceratophyllum demersum, commonly known as hornwort, rigid hornwort, coontail, or coon's tail, is a species of Ceratophyllum. It is a submerged, free-floating aquatic plant, with a cosmopolitan distribution, native to all continents except Antarctica. It is a harmful introduced weed in New Zealand. It is also a popular aquarium plant. Ceratophyllum demersum grows in lakes, ponds, and quiet streams with summer water temperatures of 15-30 degreesC and a rich nutrient status. In North America, it occurs in the entire US and Canada, except Newfoundland. In Europe, it has been reported as far north as at a latitude of 66 degrees in Norway. Ceratophyllum demersum grows in still or very slow-moving water. An aquatic plant, Ceratophyllum demersum has stems that reach lengths of 1-3 m (3-10 ft), with numerous side shoots making a single specimen appear as a large, bushy mass. The leaves are produced in whorls of six to twelve, each leaf 8-40 mm long, simple, or forked into two to eight thread-like segments edged with spiny teeth; they are stiff and brittle. It is monoecious, with separate male and female flowers produced on the same plant. The flowers are small, 2 mm long, with eight or more greenish-brown petals; they are produced in the leaf axils. The fruit is a small nut 4-5 mm long, usually with three spines, two basal and one apical, 1-12 mm long. Ceratophyllum demersum grows in lakes, ponds, and quiet streams with summer water temperatures of 15-30 degreesC and a rich nutrient status.

A small to medium tree for xeriscaping and attracting pollinators, the Desert Museum palo verde (Parkinsonia 'Desert Museum') is a gem for desert or low-water gardens. A sterile hybrid of three palo verde species, the tree is thornless with a smooth trunk and branches that are a striking green. Small, fern-like lime green leaves are adorned with bright yellow flowers in late spring or summer.

Semi-deciduous and fast-growing, this palo verde can reach full height in 3 to 5 years. Prune to keep it tidy. Many other kinds of plants grow easily beneath its airy canopy.

Desert Museum palo verde prefers a hot and dry inland climate to a coastal one, where powdery mildew can take hold. It tolerates wind, poor soil, and temperatures below freezing. Once established, avoid watering in the dry season.

The Western Redbud (Cercis occidentalis) is a small deciduous tree or shrub found in the foothills and mountains of California. In the northern, rainier part of its range, it grows more often on dry slopes in mountain foothills. In the southern and drier part of its range, it grows most often near near higher-elevation creeks, canyon bottoms and other moister areas.

The thin, shiny brown branches bear shiny heart-shaped leaves which are light green early in the season and darken as they age. Leaves on plants at higher elevation may turn gold or red as the weather cools. The showy flowers develop in the spring and are bright pink or magenta, and grow in clusters all over the shrub, making the plant very colorful and noticeable in the landscape. The shrub bears 3-inch-long brown legume pods which are very thin and dry. The flowers that are popular with a variety of native bees, including leafcutter bees.

This plant is easy to grow just about anywhere in northern California that doesn't get below 15 degrees. In southern California, best to plant Western Redbuds near seasonal streams, springs, damp areas or irrigated areas. To thrive, this plant needs a four-season climate with a cool winter, so best not to plant near the immediate coast in Southern California. Redbud

Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides) is a distinctive-looking shrub that provides visual interest in the landscape. It is known for its long, fuzzy seeds that resemble curled feathers and shine in the sun. "Cercocarpus" means fruit with a tail. The evergreen, birch-like leaves have edges that are smooth at the bottom and toothed at the top. Its small yellow flowers attract hummingbirds and butterflies. Mountain Mahogany is named for its dark bark color, but this plant is actually a member of the Rose family.

This shrub has a tall, upright habit and a fast growth rate. It is often used in narrow areas and as a hedge or privacy screen. It responds well to light or heavy pruning, which may be necessary when planted in small spaces. It can also be cut down to the ground for new growth. It's a low-water plant and adapts to a variety of soil types. Mountain Mahogany is notable for its extensive root system and is often used for restoration and bank stabilization.

Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides var. betuloides) is a native tree or shrub that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow at elevations from 0-8200 feet.

This Mountain Mahogany is similar to Cercocarpus betuloides, but the leaves are larger and it is more garden tolerant. A bush-tree that looks like a compact evergreen birch. Because of its narrow habit it is an excellent screen or large border shrub. These plants have survived hot and cold for nine years here with no water and no care.

Curl Leaf Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius) is a large, densely-branching shrub or tree. Its leathery, sticky, dark-green leaves are up to 1 1/2 inches long and lance-shaped.The small cream flowers appear in spring in clusters of up to three. It produces a small, dry fruit.

It is very drought-adapted and hardy, which makes it great for the high desert and for slopes. It is also a good choice for a screen or background shrub. It takes full to part sun and well-draining rocky soil.

This plant is distributed across western North America, where it grows on low mountains and slopes. It has a great many medicinal uses for various Indigenous Peoples, such as the Paiute and the Shoshone.

This species is known to attain ages at least as great as 1,350 years (although the tree that yielded this age was cut down; Schultz et al. 1990). This makes it arguably the oldest known flowering plant.

Cercocarpus intricatus is a species of flowering plant known by the common name littleleaf mountain mahogany. It is native to the southwestern United States from California to Colorado, where it grows in mostly dry habitat such as desert, mountain slopes, plateau, and woodland. It is a thickly branched shrub spreading and growing erect to heights between one and three meters. The many short gray twigs on the branches bear tiny, widely spaced evergreen leaves. Each thick, short leaf is a centimeter long or less, rolled under at the edges, and leathery in texture. The flower cluster has two or three flowers. Each flower is a tiny cup just a few millimeters wide containing several protruding stamens and one pistil. The style remains after the rest of the flower falls away. It is feathery and up to 2 centimeters long, with the fruit, an achene, at the tip.

San Diego Mountain Mahogany is a beautiful native shrub that grows in Southern California, primarily in coastal Orange and San Diego counties, and in the western side of the Peninsular Range region, mostly at elevations from 0-4300 feet. It grows quickly to 8 feet, and then fairly slowly after that. Leaves are small and birch-shaped, delicate and emerald green in the winter and spring, and dark green, thick, and curled down during the dry season. Flowers are yellow. Probably its most spectacular feature are its feathery, silvery seeds produced in large quantities in late summer through early fall. The seeds light up in the sun, making the plant appear to have a silvery halo when back lit. It is nice as a hedge plant around San Diego.

It does well in full sun or part shade, and tolerates summer water up to 1x per month. It does best if planted near a seasonal creek or irrigated area. It can sprout from the stump if burned or severely cut back.

Cercocarpus traskiae, known by the common names Santa Catalina Island mountain-mahogany and Catalina mahogany, is a rare species of plant in the rose family. It is endemic to Catalina Island, one of the southern Channel Islands in Los Angeles County, ]]California]]. It is known from just a single population. It was rare when it was first discovered in 1897 or 1898, when about 40 to 50 plants were counted. When it was federally listed as an endangered species in 1996 there were only six mature plants remaining. It has been called "one of the rarest shrubs in the continental United States" and "one of the rarest trees in North America. " in Wild Boar Gully, an arroyo covered in coastal sage scrub on Catalina. The steep sides of the arroyo contain soils of saussurite gabbro. Cercocarpus traskiae is a large shrub or tree that grows up to 8 meters in height. The leaves have thick, leathery oval blades with serrated edges and woolly-haired undersides. The leathery, woolly texture of the leaves distinguishes it from other Cercocarpus. The inflorescence is a cluster of up to 10 flowers which do not have petals. Plants do not always flower each year. While there are sometimes many seedlings noted, the seedling survival rate and rate of recruitment are quite low. As of 2007, there are only seven adult trees capable of reproduction, all located in Wild Boar Gully, and most of these are very old. The Catalina Island mountain mahogany is threatened by ungulates such as deer, and feral goats and pigs. The goats have been removed from the island, and fencing has been placed to prevent the remaining animals from touching the plants. This rare species hybridizes with its relative, Cercocarpus betuloides, a situation that may lead to genetic swamping of the rare plant. This hybridization may be made more likely by the animals' disturbance of the habitat. Many of the seedlings and saplings growing today may be hybrids. The population of pure Cercocarpus traskiae is not increasing and the species is entirely dependent on human intervention today.

Chaenactis alpigena is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name southern Sierra pincushion. It is native to the High Sierra Nevada and the White Mountains of California, extending in the latter just into Nevada. The plant is cultivated in rock gardens as well. It grows in sandy and gravelly soil in various alpine and subalpine mountain habitat.

Chaenactis artemisiifolia is a species in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family known by the common name White Pincushion. It is native from the coast to the coastal mountain ranges of southern California and Baja California. This is a robust annual herb producing an erect stem occasionally as tall as two meters but usually under one meter in height. There is a basal rosette of leaves and sparse leaves along the stem. The leaves are up to about 15 centimeters or more in length and they are divided into many lobes which are further subdivided into smaller, lacy lobes. The leaves and stem are lightly woolly; older plants have thinner coats of hair. The stem branches about midway up and bears several flower heads in a wide open flower cluster. Each head is a hairy hemispheric cup of sharp-tipped phyllaries which can be up to a centimeter long. The flower heads are discoid, containing only disc florets, but some of them are flat enough to resemble ray florets or petals. The florets are white to pink. The anthers and curly styles protrude far from each floret, making the flower head look like a pincushion. The fruit is a compressed achene about half a centimeter long with no pappus. This species is not frequently seen in gardens but is useful for restoration projects.

Chaenactis carphoclinia is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name pebble pincushion. It is native to the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, where it grows in rocky and gravelly habitat, such as the California deserts. The species is found in southern California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, Baja California, Sonora. Chaenactis carphoclinia is an annual herb growing an erect, branching stem up to about 60 centimeters (2 feet) in maximum height. The longest leaves are about 10 centimeters (4 inches) long and are usually divided into a few lobes. The inflorescence bears a few flower heads, each up to a centimeter wide. The head is lined with flat, sharp-pointed phyllaries which are reddish. The head contains several white or pink-tinted flowers with long, protruding anthers. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters in length tipped with a scaly pappus. Chaenactis carphoclinia is an annual herb growing an erect, branching stem up to about 60 centimeters (2 feet) in maximum height. The longest leaves are about 10 centimeters (4 inches) long and are usually divided into a few lobes. The inflorescence bears a few flower heads, each up to a centimeter wide. The head is lined with flat, sharp-pointed phyllaries which are reddish. The head contains several white or pink-tinted flowers with long, protruding anthers. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters in length tipped with a scaly pappus. VarietiesThere are two varieties of Chaenactis carphoclinia:C. c. var. carphoclinia is a smaller variety found throughout the species rangeC. c. var. piersonii is a larger variety known only from the Santa Rosa Mountains in southern California

Chaenactis douglasii is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name Douglas' dustymaiden. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Saskatchewan to California to New Mexico, where it grows in a wide variety of habitats, including harsh environments such as rock fields in alpine climates and disturbed areas such as roadsides. This is a variable herb, generally a perennial. It grows erect to a maximum height near 50 or 60 centimeters, with one to many stems coated in cobwebby hairs. The woolly or hairy leaves may be up to 15 centimeters long and are divided intricately into many lobes with curled or twisted tips. The flower cluster produces one or more flower heads, each up to about 2 centimeters long. The flower head is lined with flat, hairy, blunt-pointed phyllaries and contains several white or pinkish tubular flowers with protruding anthers. The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long including its pappus of scales.

Chaenactis fremontii, with the common names Fremont's pincushion and Desert pincushion, is a species of annual wildflower in the daisy family. Both the latter common name, and the specific epithet are chosen in honor of John C. Frémont. Chaenactis fremontii is native to the Southwestern United States and northern Baja California. It grows in sandy and gravelly soils in the deserts and low mountains, such as the Mojave Desert in California and the Sonoran Desert habitats. It is found in California, Baja California, Arizona, Nevada, and southern Utah. Chaenactis fremontii grows in patches of long stems which are green when new and grow reddish with age. They may branch to extend many tall, almost naked stems. The sparse leaves are somewhat fleshy and long and pointed. Atop each erect stem is an inflorescence bearing usually one but sometimes more flower heads, each with plentiful densely packed disc florets. There may be very large ray florets around the edge of the discoid head. The flowers are white or very light pink. Chaenactis fremontii is native to the Southwestern United States and northern Baja California. It grows in sandy and gravelly soils in the deserts and low mountains, such as the Mojave Desert in California and the Sonoran Desert habitats. It is found in California, Baja California, Arizona, Nevada, and southern Utah.

Chaenactis glabriuscula is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family known by the common name Yellow Pincushion. It is native to much of California and Baja California, where it grows in a wide variety of habitats. It is a variable plant, especially across its five recognized Varieties: Var. orcuttiana, is a rare variety limited to the beaches and coastal dunes of southern California and Baja, where it is threatened by development of its coastal habitat. In general this is an annual herb producing one or more mainly erect stems approaching half a meter in maximum height. The branching stems are hairy and often cobwebby with fibers. The leaves are up to about 10 centimeters long, sometimes fleshy, and usually divided into many very small, curling lobes. The flower cluster produces one to many flower heads on a very long, erect peduncle. The flower head is lined with flat, hairy or woolly hairy phyllaries. It contains many tubular flowers in shades of gold to bright yellow, the outermost flowers large and flat-faced, most with protruding anthers. The fruit is an achene which may be over a centimeter long including its layered pappus of scales. This is an attractive plant, especially when planted in mass, which can bloom up to eight months of the year, and attractive to butterflies.

Yellow pincushion (Chaenactis glabriuscula var. glabriuscula)  is an annual that grows in a wide variety of habitats in California and Baja California, generally in dry open places, including sand dunes or serpentine soil. In spring, yellow flowers bloom in a tuft or “pincushion” on stalks above a basal rosette of leaves. The outermost flowers of the tuft are larger and flat-faced.

Yellow pincushion can be grown from seed, preferably in full sun on sand or gravel. It is attractive when massed and can bloom up to eight months of the year. This plant is drought tolerant. 

The flowers attract pollinators.

Big Headed Yellow Chaenactis (Chaenactis glabriuscula var. megacephala) is a native annual herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in dry open places, at elevations from 0-5200 feet.

Chaenactis macrantha is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names bighead dustymaiden and Mojave pincushion. It is native to the Great Basin and the southwestern deserts of the United States, in California, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, southwestern Idaho, and southeastern Oregon. It grows in dry, open habitat with gravelly, sandy soils, often calcareous or alkaline in nature. Chaenactis macrantha is an annual herb growing one or more branching stems to 30 - 35 centimeters (12-14 inches) in maximum height. The leaves are a few centimeters long and divided into many lobes. The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads on long peduncles. The flower head is lined with woolly phyllaries which have recurved tips. The head contains many white or pink-tinted flowers which open at night. The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long including the pappus.

Chaenactis nevadensis, with the common name Nevada dustymaiden, is a North American species of flowering plant in the daisy family. It is native to the high mountains of eastern California, including the Klamath Mountains and southernmost Cascade Range, and the Sierra Nevada from Shasta County to western Inyo County, with a few populations in Washoe County, Nevada. The species grows in sandy or gravelly soils in subalpine habitats. Chaenactis nevadensis is a perennial herb growing several short stems just a few centimeters high surrounded by a basal rosette of small, woolly, multilobed leaves. The inflorescence arises on a short peduncle. Each flower head is lined with rigid, blunt-tipped, glandular phyllaries. The flower head contains several white or pink flowers with long, protruding anthers. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of scales.

Chaenactis parishii is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name Parish's chaenactis. It is native to the Peninsular Ranges of southern California (San Diego County + western Riverside County) and northern Baja California, where it grows in chaparral habitat. Chaenactis parishii is a subshrub producing a number of erect stems up to 60 centimeters (24 inches) tall which are covered in a white feltlike coat of hairs. The woolly leaves are a few centimeters long and divided into many small lobes. The inflorescence bears flower heads on a tall, erect peduncle. The flower head is lined with grayish woolly phyllaries and contains many white or pink-tinted flowers. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of scales.

Chaenactis santolinoides is a California species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name Santolina pincushion. It is endemic to California, where it is found in the Transverse Ranges and southern Sierra Nevada, in open, exposed high mountain habitat such as scree and rocky slopes. Its range stretches from Tulare County to northwestern Riverside County with isolated populations in Mono County.

Chaenactis stevioides is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names Esteve's pincushion and desert pincushion. It is native to the Great Basin of the United States and the southwestern deserts extending into Mexico, where it grows in open arid and semiarid habitat. It is "among the most abundant spring wildflowers in the higher Mojave Desert and southern Great Basin." This is an annual herb growing one or more erect stems up to about 45 centimeters tall. The stems are hairy with cobwebby fibers which thin with age. The leaves reach several centimeters in length and are divided into many subdivided lobes. The flower cluster bears several flower heads on a tall peduncle. Each head is lined with rigid, hairy and hairy phyllaries and filled with white, pink, or pale yellow flowers. The flowers around the edges are larger and open-faced, and the ones in the center of the head are smaller and somewhat tubular in shape. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of scales.

Chaenactis suffrutescens is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name Shasta chaenactis. It is native to California, where it is known only from Shasta and Trinity Counties in the far northern part of the state, and also to Oregon, where it has been found in Josephine County. It grows in coniferous forests and other habitat in the Klamath Mountains and the southernmost Cascade Range mountains, sometimes on serpentine soils. Chaenactis suffrutescens is a spreading subshrub producing several branching erect stems reaching up to about 50 cm (20 inches) tall. The leaves are several centimeters long and divided into several lobes which are subdivided into smaller lobes. The leaves are coated in feltlike white woolly fibers. The inflorescence is a cylindrical flower head atop an erect, stout peduncle. Each head is lined with glandular, hairy phyllaries and contains several white or pink-tinged disc florets with protruding anthers. The disc florets have ray-like lobes on their corollas, but there are no true ray florets. The fruit is an achene over a centimeter long including the pappus of scales.

Chaenactis xantiana (Mojave pincushion or Xantu's pincushion), is a flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to the western United States, from southeastern Oregon, Nevada, eastern California and western Arizona. It is very common in the Antelope Valley in the Mojave Desert, and grows in sandy soils. It is an annual plant growing to 50 centimeter tall. The leaves are somewhat succulent, 3-7 centimeter long and 3-4 millimeter broad, in a basal rosette on the young plants which wither away during flowering, and spirally arranged leaves on the flowering stem; they are green, finely flecked with white scales giving an overall grayish color to the plant. The flowers are produced in a capitulum 3-6 centimeter diameter, and are white in color.

Chaetadelpha is a genus of plants in the dandelion family containing the single species Chaetadelpha wheeleri, or Wheeler's skeletonweed. This brushy perennial plant is native to the western United States (Nevada, eastern California, southeastern Oregon). Chaetadelpha wheeleri forms a low bush with plentiful erect stems covered in very narrow, long and pointed leaves. Branchlets emerge from the stems and each bears a cylindrical flower which opens at the end into a star-shaped white or pale purple flower with five ray florets. The center of each head is filled with curly pollen-dusted anthers. This species is found most often in sand and scrub, particularly in desert regions.

Chaetopappa ericoides is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names rose heath and heath-leaved chaetopappa. It is native to the southwestern and much of the midwestern United States and northern Mexico. This is a petite perennial herb reaching heights between 5 and 15 centimeters. The hairy, hairy stem grows from a woody caudex and branches several times. The green leaves are up to about a centimeter long and are hairy and bristly. The tiny flower head is 1 or 2 centimeters wide with white or pinkish ray florets around a center of yellow disc florets. Each head has a base of pointed purple-tipped greenish phyllaries. The fruit is a hairy, round achene with a bristly white pappus.

Chamaebatia australis is a species of aromatic evergreen shrub in the rose family known by the common names southern mountain misery and southern bearclover. This uncommon shrub is native to the chaparral slopes of southern California and northern Baja California. It has very dark bark, and is covered in a foliage of 2-pinnate leaves, meaning leaves which are made up of small leaflets which are further divided themselves into tiny leaflets, giving the foliage a fernlike appearance. Each leaf is a gland-dotted frond of 3 to 8 centimeters in length. The flowers are roselike with small rounded white petals and yellow centers filled with many stamens. The fruit is a leathery achene.

Chamaebatia foliolosa is a species of aromatic evergreen shrub in the rose family known by the common names mountain misery and bear clover. The Miwok tribe's name for this plant was kit-kit-dizze. This shrub is endemic to the mountains of California, where it grows in coniferous forests and oak forests. The stems are covered in dark brown bark. The foliage is made up of 3-pinnate leaves, meaning the frondlike leaves are made up of leaflets which in turn are made up of smaller leaflets which are also subdivided. The fernlike leaves are up to 10 centimeters long, frilly in appearance and dotted with sticky glands. The rose-like flowers have rounded white petals and yellow centers ringed with many stamens. Plant gained its common name by gold rush miners who tried to walk through its tangled stems, which can cause tripping and soaks pant legs in rainy conditions.

Chamaebatiaria is a monotypic genus of aromatic shrub in the rose family containing the single species Chamaebatiaria millefolium, which is known by the common names fern bush and desert sweet. Its genus name comes from its physical resemblance to the mountain miseries of genus Chamaebatia, which are not closely related. This is a hairy, sticky plant covered in fernlike foliage made up of fronds of small leaflets. At the ends of the erect branches of this spreading bush are flower clusters of white roselike flowers. This shrub is a resident of scrub, woodland, and forests in western North America. The closest relative of Spiraeanthus.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana is a tree in the family Cupressaceae, known by the name Lawson's Cypress in the horticultural trade, or Port Orford Cedar in its native range (although not a true cedar). C. lawsoniana is native to the southwest of Oregon and the far northwest of California, occurring from sea level up to 1,500 meter (4,900 feet) altitude in mountain valleys, often along streams. It is a large evergreen coniferous tree, regularly reaching 50-70 meter (200 feet) tall, with feathery foliage in flat sprays, usually somewhat waxy pale blue-green in colour. The leaves are scale-like, 3-5 millimeter long, with narrow white markings on the underside, and produced on somewhat flattened shoots. The seed cones are globose, 7-14 millimeter diameter, with 6-10 scales, green at first, maturing brown in early fall, 6-8 months after pollination. The male cones are 3-4 millimeter long, dark red, turning brown after pollen release in early spring. The bark is reddish-brown, and fibrous to scaly in vertical strips. This tree is valued for its wood and is farmed for that purpose. Due to its ultimate size it is not often used in residential gardens.

Chamaesaracha arida (formerly Solanum coronopus), commonly called greenleaf five eyes, is a plant in the nightshade family (Solanaceae) found in dry open flat areas from southeastern California to Kansas and western Texas. :69

Fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium) is a native perennial herb in the Onagraceae (Evening Primrose) family that grows primarily in the Sierras and North Coast Ranges, with scattered locations elsewhere in the state. It is a pioneer species that is most often seen in burned forest areas. After fire or disturbance is can become the dominant species in an area. As trees and large shrubs return, Fireweed disappears. The attractive flowers have four magenta to pink petals, 2 to 3 cm in diameter, and have a resemblance to some Clarkia species. It is very hardy and it said to survive in areas of oil spill. It is not often seen in residential gardens but is useful in restoration projects or to rapidly fill in a large, bare area.

Fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium ssp. canescens) is a common native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in open places with gravelly soils, at elevations from 0-11000 feet and following forest fires.

Chamerion latifolium (formerly Epilobium latifolium) is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the English common name dwarf fireweed. It has a circumboreal distribution, appearing throughout the northern regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including subarctic and Arctic areas such as snowmelt-flooded gravel bars and talus, in a wide range of elevations. This is a perennial herb growing in clumps of leaves variable in size, shape, and texture about a woody caudex. The leaves are 1 to 10 centimeters long, lance-shaped to oval, pointed or rounded at the tips, and hairy to hairless and waxy. The flower cluster is a rough-haired raceme of nodding flowers with bright to deep pink, and occasionally white, petals up to 3 centimeters long. Behind the opened petals are pointed sepals. The fruit is an elongated capsule which may exceed 10 centimeters in length. This arctic plant provides valuable nutrition for the Inuit, who eat the leaves raw, boiled with fat, or steeped in water for tea, the flowers and fruits raw, and as a salad with meals of seal and walrus blubber.