Seaside Alumroot (Heuchera pilosissima var. hemisphaerica) is a native perennial herb that grows in southern and central California. It tends to grow at elevations from 0-1600 feet.

Heuchera rubescens is a species in the Saxifragaceae (Saxifrage) family. Its common name is Pink Alumroot. It is native to a large part of the western United States and northern Mexico. In California is is found primarily in the Sierras with scattered locations in the Klamath region and southern California. The plant grows as a low rosette of basal leaves from which the inflorescence arises, to 6 inches in height. All Heucheras have nodding bell-shaped flowers, leading to the common name Coral Bells. Aspects of the plant vary with region where it is native. There is one recognized variety, var. versicolor, a rare species that is found only in the mountains of southern California. In the garden it requires regular water and afternoon shade.

Grows best in sandy, coarse-grained or other fast draining soil. Prefers part shade or shade in coastal sites, and shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Hibiscus denudatus (common names: Paleface, Rock Hibiscus) is a perennial shrub of the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is in the rosemallow genus, Hibiscus. It is found in the southwest of North America in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico in the states of extreme southeast California, southern Nevada, southern Arizona and New Mexico, southwest Texas, Baja California-north, Sonora, Chihuahua, and Coahuila. It can be found in the Colorado and Sonoran Deserts, and in the east to the Chihuahuan Desert.

Hibiscus lasiocarpos (also, H. lasiocarpus orth. var. ) is a species of hibiscus known by the common name hairy-fruited hibiscus. It is also one of several hibiscus called rosemallow. It is native to much of the southeastern United States, as well as parts of California and northern Mexico. It is a large, bushy perennial herb with sprawling stems reaching one to two meters long. The leaves are heart-shaped, toothed, and pointed, and generally between 6 and 10 centimeters long. The inflorescence holds large showy, solitary flowers. Each flower has a cup of partly fused sepals beneath a layer of slender bracts. These may be covered in hairs or woolly fibers. The flower's large petals may be up to 10 centimeters long and are generally bright white with red bases. The stamen tube and anthers are white or cream. The fruit is a capsule 2. 5-3 centimeters long containing spherical seeds.

Rose Mallow (Hibiscus lasiocarpus) is a rare native perennial herb that grows in Northern, Southern and Central California, primarily in the Sacramento Valley and San Joaquin Valley regions. It tends to grow in marshes and wet places, at elevations from - feet.

The common wildflower Hieracium albiflorum is known by the names white hawkweed and white-flowered hawkweed. It is found in western North America, from Alaska to California and east to the Rockies. Some hawkweeds were introduced to North America and are invasive weeds in the region, but white hawkweed is native and is a part of the balanced ecology. It is shaped like a dandelion, with hairy, elliptical leaves and long stalks that bear small white flowers with serrated petals. The plant is found in forests and woodlands at low to moderate elevation.

Hieracium argutum is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name southern hawkweed. It is endemic to California, where it can be found in coastal and inland hills and mountains, often in oak woodland and pine forest habitat. Hieracium argutum is a perennial herb producing a mostly erect stem which is very hairy on the lower part and becomes nearly hairless toward the tip. The plant grows 60 centimeters to one meter tall. The deeply toothed leaves are covered in long hairs. The largest leaves at the base of the stem may reach 16 centimeters. There may be shorter leaves on the lower part of the stem and there are few or none on the upper part. The inflorescence is a wide open array of many flower heads, each up to about a centimeter wide. The flower head is lined with hairy, often glandular phyllaries and filled with many yellow ray florets and no disc florets. The fruit is a small, dark cylindrical achene topped with a pappus of brown bristles.

Hieracium bolanderi or Bolander's hawkweed is a North American plant species in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family. It is found primarily in the mountains of western Oregon and northern California in the United States, although there are reports of the species farther south in the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California and also in Baja California in Mexico. Hieracium bolanderi is an herb up to 60 cm (2. 0 ft) tall, with leaves mostly in a rosette at the bottom. Leaves are up to 95 mm (3. 7 in) long, with no teeth on the edges. One stalk will produce 3-40 flower heads in a flat-topped array. Each head has 6-12 yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.

Hieracium greenei (not to be confused with Hieracium greenii) is a species of hawkweed known by the common name Greene's hawkweed. Hieracium greenei is native to the forests of the Klamath Mountains and neighboring ranges in southern Oregon and northern California.

Hieracium horridum, known as the prickly hawkweed or shaggy hawkweed, gets its name from the long, dense, shaggy white to brown hairs (trichomes) which cover all of the plant parts of this plant species. The species is native to Oregon, California, and Nevada in the western United States. Hieracium horridum possesses oblong leaves along the stems of this 4 inches (10 cm) to 15 inches (38 cm) tall hairy plant with 11-12 bright yellow flower heads at the top of each flower head, which is 0. 315 inches (8 mm) to 0. 354 inches (9 mm) in diameter. It flowers between late June and August. Hieracium horridum's habitat is in dry rocky places within mountainous coniferous forests in Oregon, California and Nevada at elevations between 5,000 feet (1,524 m) and 12,000 feet (3,658 m).

Hieracium nudicaule is a North American plant species in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family. It grows only in the western United States, primarily in California and Oregon, though with a few populations in Washington and northern Idaho. Hieracium nudicaule is an herb up to 50 cm (20 in) tall, with leaves on the stem and also in a rosette at the bottom. Leaves are up to 120 mm (4. 7 in) long, sometimes with teeth on the edges. One stalk can produce 2-12 flower heads in an flat-topped array. Each head has 20-40 yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.

Hieracium parryi is a North American plant species in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family. It grows only in the western United States, in southwestern Oregon and northeastern California. Hieracium parryi is an herb up to 45 cm (18 in) tall, with leaves mostly on the stem with only a few in a rosette at the bottom. Leaves are up to 150 mm (5. 9 in) long, hairy, sometimes with teeth on the edges. One stalk can produce 1-12 flower heads in a flat-topped array. Each head has 30-60 yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.

Hieracium scouleri is a North American species of hawkweed in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family. It is known by the common name Scouler's woollyweed. It is native to the United States and Canada from British Columbia and Alberta south as far as northern California and Utah. Hieracium scouleri grows in a variety of mountainous habitats. It produces a basal rosette of long, narrow leaves 10-20 centimetres (3. 9-7. 9 in) long, which are generally hairy to bristly. The plant produces an erect stem 30-70 centimetres (12-28 in) tall which bears the inflorescence. Each flower head has large, curling bracts with glandular hairs or bristles, long, bright yellow ray florets but no ray florets. The achene is about 3 millimetres (0. 12 in) long.

Hieracium triste is a North American species of hawkweed known by the common name woolly hawkweed. It is widespread across western Canada and the western United States from Alaska, Yukon, and Northwest Territories south as far as California and New Mexico. Hieracium triste is a perennial herb. It produces a milky latex that often is described erroneously as sap. It is 3-35 cm (1. 2-13. 8 in) tall and is unbranched. The stem has long hairs and some hairs that look like stars. The entire plant rarely grows more than 30 cm (12 in; 1 ft) tall. Leaves. Hieracium triste has basal leaves that are often in a rosette. The leaves look similar to a spoon and are 1-8 cm (0. 39-3. 15 in) long and 0. 3-1. 2 cm (0. 12-0. 47 in) wide. Most leaves are either hairless or have short hairs. Flowers. Each plant usually only contains one to two flowers. They are yellow and often look like dandelions. They have bracts around each flower that have grey star shaped hairs and long black gland tipped hairs. These flowers bloom from June to August. Habitat. Slender hawkweed grows in moist to wet open sites. It grows in mid-montane to alpine areas. It is most commonly seen below the timberline in areas with whitebark pine and alpine larch. It likes dry sites at lower elevations from Southern Colorado to Wyoming.

Pleuraphis jamesii (syn. Hilaria jamesii) is a species of grass known by the common name James' galleta. It is native to the southwestern United States, where it is widespread in scrub, woodland, grassland, and plateau habitat. It is tolerant of arid environments such as desert floors. It is a rhizomatous perennial grass producing bunches of erect stems approximately one millimeter wide and up to about 60 centimeters in maximum height. The woody rhizome is shallow, spreading just under the soil surface, but it may reach 6 feet in length and when dense helps the grass form a sod. The flower cluster is a series of hairy, rectangular spikelets. The grass produces relatively little viable seed and spreads mostly via its rhizome.

Pleuraphis rigida (syn. Hilaria rigida) is a species of grass known by the common name big galleta. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it is widespread in scrub, woodland, grassland, and plateau habitat. It is tolerant of arid environments such as desert floors, and it is the dominant grass in some desert scrub regions. It is a bushy, clumping perennial grass producing coarse, erect stems reaching a meter in maximum height. The clumpy form of the grass helps it stabilize loose and blowing sand when it grows in desert dune habitat. The stems have nodes which are lined with long, sometimes curly hairs. The flower cluster is a series of hairy or brushlike rectangular spikelets. The grass produces relatively little viable seed and spreads mostly via its tillers and sometimes via rhizome. This grass acts as a nurse plant to seedlings of other species, such as cholla and barrel cactus, in turn receiving protection from herbivory by growing next to the spiny plants.

Hippuris vulgaris, known as mare's-tail or common mare's tail, is a common aquatic plant of Eurasia and North America ranging from Greenland to the Tibetan Plateau to Arizona. It prefers non-acidic waters. The species is also sometimes called horsetail, a name which is better reserved to the horsetails of genus Equisetum. These are unrelated to H. vulgaris, although there is some resemblance in appearance. The common mare's tail is a creeping, perennial herb, found in shallow waters and mud flats. It roots underwater, but most of its leaves are above the water surface. The leaves occur in whorls of 6-12; those above water are 0. 5 to 2. 5 cm long and up to 3 mm wide, whereas those under water are thinner and limper, and longer than those above water, especially in deeper streams. The stems are solid and unbranched but often curve, and can be up to 60 cm long. In shallow water they project 20-30 cm out of the water. It grows from stout rhizomes. The flowers are inconspicuous, and not all plants produce them. Studies of H. vulgaris in the Tibetan Plateau have shown that it is a prolific methane emitter. H. vulgaris's roots extend into the anoxic zone of wetland soils and create a conduit for methane produced in the anoxic zone to travel to the atmosphere. Uses. In herbal medicine, mare's tail has a number of uses, chiefly to do with healing wounds, e. g. stopping internal and external bleeding, curing stomach ulcers, and soothing inflammation of the skin. It can also be a troublesome weed, obstructing the flow of water in rivers and ditches.

Hoffmannseggia glauca is a dicot found in the legume family, Fabaceae. Its common names include Indian rushpea, hog potato, and pig nut. It is a California native which prefers alkaline desert flats, creosote bush communities, and disturbed areas. It prefers elevations of less than 900 metres (3,000 ft). Hoffmannseggia glauca is found outside California in Western Nevada, Texas, Mexico and South America. In California H. glauca may be found in the San Joaquin Valley, Southern Coastal Ranges, and Western Transverse Ranges. Hoffmannseggia glauca is an erect perennial herb and can measure up to 30 cm tall. Branches are slender, growing out from the base of the plant, and have stalked glands. The foliage is composed of compound leaves with primary and secondary leaflets. Primary leaflets (5-20 mm) are odd-pinnate while secondary leaflets (4-6 mm) are even-pinnate. The inflorescence measures 5-15 cm and is glandular. Flowers are orange-red with spreading petals and are produced between the months of April and June. The fruit that develops is 1. 5-4 cm, glandular, curved, and short-stalked. The fruit may or may not be deciduous. The USDA indicates that Hoffmannseggia glauca is considered a noxious weed in Kansas.

Hoita macrostachya is a species of legume known by the common name large leatherroot. It is native to California and Baja California where it can be found in moist areas of a number of habitat types. This is a hairy, hairy perennial herb producing a tall, branching stem approaching two meters in maximum height. The sparse, widely spaced leaves are each made up of three leaflets up to 10 centimeters long each attached to a long petiole. The leaflet blades are hairy. The plant produces many clublike raceme flower clusters on sturdy stalks from the stem. The flower cluster contains many purplish pealike flowers. The fruit is a hairy, veiny brown legume pod under a centimeter long containing a kidney-shaped seed.

Hoita orbicularis is a species of legume known by the common name roundleaf leatherroot. It is endemic to California, where it is relatively widespread throughout the state's mountain ranges, growing most often in moist habitat. It is a perennial herb growing prostrate or nearly so at ground level with large leaves each made up of three round leaflets up to 11 centimeters long each. The herbage is hairy and often hairy. The flower cluster is an erect raceme which may be up to 35 centimeters long. Each of the many flowers is one or two centimeters long, pealike, and generally a shade of light to medium purple in color. The fruit is a hairy, veiny legume pod just under a centimeter long.

Hoita strobilina is a rare species of legume known by the common name Loma Prieta leatherroot, or Loma Prieta hoita. It is endemic to California, where it is known from occasional occurrences in the San Francisco Bay Area. It grows in chaparral and woodland habitat in the local mountains, often on serpentine soil. This is a perennial herb growing erect, approaching a meter in maximum height. The large leaves are divided into three leaflets each up to 8 centimeters long and lance-shaped to nearly round. The herbage is generally glandular and hairy. The inflorescence is a raceme up to 13 centimeters long containing many pealike flowers. Each flower is purple, sometimes with white parts, and one to two centimeters long. The fruit is a dark brown or black, hairy, veiny legume pod.

Hollisteria is a genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single species, Hollisteria lanata. It is endemic to California. It is known by the common name false spikeflower. The genus was named for California rancher William Welles Hollister.

Holmgrenanthe petrophila (rocklady, formerly Maurandya petrophila) is a rare perennial desert plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae), and the sole species of the genus Holmgrenanthe. It forms low mats of branched stems growing from a woody base. The leaves have small spines along their edges. The solitary yellow flowers are tubular with five free lobes at the end, the upper two pointing backwards, the lower three projecting forwards. The species is known only from about ten locations, most in the Titus Canyon and the adjacent Fall Canyon, all within the Californian section of Death Valley National Park. It grows in limestone crevices on the canyon walls, often on the north face. After the species was first discovered in Titus Canyon, further plants were found in the adjacent Fall Canyon. It is known only from about ten locations, mostly in these two canyons, all within the Californian section of Death Valley National Park. It grows in limestone crevices on the canyon walls, often on the north face, in areas dominated by creosote bush scrub.

Holocarpha heermannii is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name Heermann's tarweed. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the hills, mountains, and valleys of the central part of the state. It is most common in the eastern San Francisco Bay Area and the southern end of the Sierra Nevada foothills. This is an annual herb growing mostly erect from 20 centimeters to over one meter in height. The stem is densely hairy and coated in short and long hairs. The leaves are up to 10 centimeters long near the base of the plant and those along the stem are smaller. The flower cluster is a spreading array of branches bearing clusters of flower heads. Each flower head is lined with phyllaries which are coated in large bulbous resin glands. They are hairy and sticky in texture. The head contains many yellow disc florets surrounded by three to 10 golden yellow ray florets. The ray and fertile disc florets produce achenes of different shapes.

Holocarpha macradenia, commonly known as the Santa Cruz tarplant, is an endangered plant endemic to Northern California. Alternative common names for this plant are Santa Cruz tarweed or Santa Cruz sunflower. The plant's principal range is on certain coastal terraces in Santa Cruz County and Monterey County. Smaller colonies are to the north in Alameda County, Contra Costa County, and Marin County. It is found from sea level to 110 metres (360 ft). Specifically Santa Cruz tarplant likes to inhabit terraced locations of coastal or valley prairie grasslands with underlying sandy clay soils. Its characteristic habitat is in the California coastal prairie ecosystem, which may be the oldest stable ecosystem of the temperate world dating from about 600,000 years ago. Santa Cruz tarplant is an annual wildflower that can grow to 50 cm tall, but is often much smaller. The flowering period is June to November. The growth habit is a single erect stem with larger specimens developing branches. Its leaves are linear and manifest longer near the plant base. The lower ranging leaves exhibit sharp, short teeth at their edges, while the upper leaves present edges that are rolled back, leading to a bristly feeling. Several other species have a similar general appearance, and can be easily mistaken for the Santa Cruz tarplant. The real Santa Cruz tarplant, though, has distinctive glands (see photos) that are not present in lookalikes. Santa Cruz tarplant is an annual wildflower that can grow to 50 cm tall, but is often much smaller. The flowering period is June to November. The growth habit is a single erect stem with larger specimens developing branches. Its leaves are linear and manifest longer near the plant base. The lower ranging leaves exhibit sharp, short teeth at their edges, while the upper leaves present edges that are rolled back, leading to a bristly feeling. Several other species have a similar general appearance, and can be easily mistaken for the Santa Cruz tarplant. The real Santa Cruz tarplant, though, has distinctive glands (see photos) that are not present in lookalikes.

Holocarpha obconica, commonly known as the San Joaquin tarweed, is a North American plant species in the sunflower family. It is endemic to (found only in) California, primarily in the Central Valley and adjacent regions. The epithet "obconica" means "obconical," in other words, shaped like a cone but with the widest part farthest from the base. Achenes of H. obconica are obconical. The plant is a resin-containing herb up to 120 cm (4 feet) tall. It peroduces numerous flower heads, each head containing 4-9 yellow ray flowers surrounding 11-21 small yellow disc flowers, the disc flowers having yellow or brown anthers.

Holocarpha virgata is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name yellowflower tarweed. It is endemic to California, where it is most common in the Central Valley and adjacent foothills to the east and west. There is also a disjunct population near San Diego. This is an annual herb producing an erect stem 20 centimeters to over one meter tall. It has many branches and is lined with oily glands and hairs. The linear leaves are up to 15 centimeters long near the base of the plant and those along the stem are much smaller. The flower cluster is made up of several short branches lined densely in small, thick, green leafs. The leafs are just a few millimeters long and are tipped with glands. At the ends of the branches are flower heads, each lined with phyllaries which are covered in knobby resin glands. The head contains many disc florets which are yellow with black or purplish anthers. The head has a fringe of several yellow ray florets which often have lobed tips.

Narrow Tarplant (Holocarpha virgata ssp. virgata) is a native annual herb that grows in central and northern California. It tends to grow in grassy places, at elevations from 0-2600 feet.

Cream Bush (also called Ocean Spray) is famous for its cascading clusters of fragrant, creamy white flowers. These lovely blooms attract hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. After blooming, the seeds provide food for birds, and the plant itself provides shelter for birds and small animals.

Cream Bush is an attractive deciduous shrub, commonly found in forest and woodland environments. In the garden, it does well in shade or part shade and adapts to a variety of soil types. Water needs are moderate, and it can enjoy supplemental irrigation in drier areas.

Desert Ocean Spray (Holodiscus microphyllus var. glabrescens) is a native shrub that grows in central and northern California. It tends to grow in rocky places and outcrops, at elevations from 2000-9500 feet.

Little Leaf Creambush (Holodiscus microphyllus var. microphyllus) is a native shrub that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in rocky places and outcrops, at elevations from 3900-13100 feet.

Holozonia is a North American genus of flowering plants in the daisy family. It contains only one known species Holozonia filipes, which is known by the common name whitecrown. It is endemic to (found only in) California. Holozonia filipes is a scraggly rhizomatous perennial herb growing a hairy, glandular, branching stem 30 centimeters (1 foot) to 1. 5 meters (5 feet) long. The lower stem is gray-green and the upper stem branches are green to red in color. The lance-shaped leaves are up to 10 centimeters (4 inches) long and covered in resin glands. They are arranged oppositely on the lower part of the stem. The flower heads appear at the ends of the stem branches in a loose inflorescence. Each head has layers of sticky, hairy phyllaries. The ray florets are each divided into long lobes and are white in color. The disc florets are white with large purple anthers.

Hooveria parviflora is a species of perennial herb in the lily family known by the common name smallflower soap plant. It is a monocot native to coastal southern California and Baja California, where it is a member of the coastal sage scrub flora. This perennial wildflower grows from a dark-coated bulb several centimeters wide. The basal leaves have wavy edges. The flower cluster may reach 90 centimeters tall and is made up of many dark-veined white or pinkish flowers. Each flower has six petals just under a centimeter long which are spread open for only one day. The six stamens are tipped with yellow anthers. The fruit is a capsule a few millimeters long.

Hooveria purpurea is a species of flowering plant related to the agaves known by the common name purple amole. This species of soap plant is endemic to California where it grows in the mountain ranges of the Central Coast. There are two varieties of this plant, and both are believed to be quite rare. It is a federally listed threatened species. This is a perennial plant growing from a bulb about 3 centimeters in diameter. The narrow, wavy leaves grow at the base of the stem. The leaves are bright green and have thick midribs. There are usually one to eight leaves, but plants with up to fourteen have been noted. The stem bears flowers at widely spaced nodes. Each flower has curled tepals each less than a centimeter long in shades of blue or purple; all other Chlorogalum species have white or pink flowers. The flowers have long stamens with yellow anthers around a protruding style. The two varieties of the species can be told apart by their sizes; var. purpureum (the variety usually called purple amole) grows up to 40 centimeters tall and var. reductum (Camatta Canyon amole) reaches only 20 centimeters. About 90% of the plants are of var. purpureum. Ecology and distribution. This is a plant of the Mediterranean climate with hot, rainless summers and wet winters. Purple amole, var. purpureum, is endemic to the Santa Lucia Range of Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties. It is known from only two locations, the Army installation Fort Hunter Liggett and the National Guard post Camp Roberts. There are a total of four populations, probably totalling under 10,000 total individuals. The habitat is grassland with patches of oak woodland.

Hordeum arizonicum is a species of wild barley known by the common name Arizona barley. It is native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, where it grows in wet spots in desert regions, such as irrigation ditches. It can grow in somewhat saline soils. This is an annual or perennial grass forming erections 20 to 70 cm high. The inflorescence is a spike up to about 12 cm long made up of spikelets up to about 3 cm long each, usually tipped with awns.

Hordeum brachyantherum is a species of barley known by the common name meadow barley. It is native to western North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, far eastern Russia, and parts of eastern North America. It can be found in other parts of the world as an introduced species. This is a tufting perennial grass approaching a meter in maximum height. It produces compact, narrow flower clusters 8 to 10 centimeters long and purplish in color. Like other barleys the spikelets come in triplets. It has two small, often sterile lateral spikelets on pedicels and a larger, fertile central spikelet lacking a pedicel.

Meadow Barley (Hordeum brachyantherum ssp. brachyantherum) is a native grass that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in meadows, pastures and streambanks, at elevations from 0-11200 feet.

California Meadow Barley (Hordeum brachyantherum ssp. californicum) is a native grass that grows in northern, southern and central California. It is fast growing and short-lived. It grows in an upright form to a height of 1.6 feet, with active growth during the spring. Flowers are yellow and bloom in the mid spring. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow in meadows, pastures and streambanks, at elevations from 0-8500 feet.

Hordeum depressum is a species of barley known by the common names low barley and dwarf barley. It is native to the western United States from Idaho to California, where it can be found in moist habitats such as vernal pools. This is a small annual grass forming petite patches of thin, hairy leaves and erect stems to half a meter in maximum height. The green or reddish green flower cluster is 2 to 6 centimeters long and about half a centimeter wide. Like other barleys the spikelets come in triplets. There is a large fertile central spikelet about a centimeter long and two smaller, often sterile spikelets on pedicels, each 3 to 5 millimeters long.

Hordeum intercedens is an uncommon species of wild barley known by the common names bobtail barley and vernal barley. It is native to southern California and northern Baja California, where it is an increasingly rare member of the flora in saline and alkaline soils near seasonal waterflows and vernal pool habitat. Today most occurrences are located on the Channel Islands of California; many of the occurrences known from the mainland have been extirpated in the process of land development. This is an annual grass growing erect to bent in small tufts with stems up to 40 centimeters long. The flower cluster is a green spike up to 6.5 centimeters long made up of awned spikelets between 1 and 2 centimeters long.

Hordeum jubatum (Foxtail barley) is a perennials plant species in the grass family Poaceae. It occurs wild mainly in northern North America and adjacent northeastern Siberia. However, as it escaped often from gardens it can be found world-wide in areas with temperate to warm climates, and is considered a weed in many countries. The species is a polyploid and originated via hybridization of an East Asian Hordeum species with a close but extinct relative of Californian H. brachyantherum. It is grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive flower clusters and when done flowering for its infructescence. Foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum) propagates by seed. It is known for its ability to tolerate saline soils but is capable of productive growth on soil types ranging from loamy to clayey soils with pH's of 6.4 to 9.5. The upper limit of soil NaCl for productive growth and development is 1.0%. Foxtail barley is also adapted to a wide range of moisture regimes from dry to wet. Although this species is generally found on moist sites, it can withstand drought-like conditions. It is commonly found in lowland areas with restricted soil drainage, disturbed sites, waste areas and fields. Foxtail barley is a pioneer species or invader in disturbed areas and in areas with high salinity. It is among the first grasses to establish after disturbance and rapidly invades areas exposed by a receding water table.

Horkelia bolanderi is a rare species of flowering plant in the rose family known by the common names border horkelia and Bolander's horkelia. It is endemic to northern California where it is known from only a few occurrences in two or three counties. It grows in the mountain forests of the North Coast Ranges. This is a mat-forming gray-green perennial herb producing hairy erect stems 10 to 30 centimeters tall. The leaves are 3 to 8 centimeters long and are made up of hairy, toothed leaflets each one half to one centimeter long. The inflorescence holds several flowers, each with five white petals and up to 20 pistils in the center.

Horkelia californica is a species of flowering plant in the rose family known by the common name California horkelia. It is endemic to California, where it grows on scrubby coastal and inland mountain slopes. This is a clumping perennial herb producing erect green stems variable in height from 10 centimeters to over a meter. The green leaves are up to 40 centimeters long and are made up of hairy, rounded, toothed leaflets each up to 6 centimeters in length. The flower cluster holds solitary and clustered flowers, each with toothed leaflets and thick, pointed sepals. There are five small white petals.

California Horkelia (Horkelia californica ssp. californica) is a native perennial herb that grows in Central California, primarily in the North Coast and Central Coast regions. It tends to grow in open and north facings slopes and streambanks, at elevations from 0-1300 feet.

Horkelia clevelandii is a species of flowering plant in the rose family known by the common name Cleveland's horkelia. It is native to the Peninsular Ranges of southern California and northern Baja California. This is a perennial herb forming clumps of long, fernlike leaves and erect stems. The leaves are up to 18 centimeters long and are made up of triangular to rounded leaflets, each toothed or lobed and covered in thin hairs. The narrow stems reach 10 to 50 centimeters in height and bear flower clusters of several flowers. Each flower has hairy, lance-shaped leaflets and pointed sepals. The narrow oval petals are white. The center of the flower contains ten stamens and up to 50 pistils.

There are many species of Horkelia in California, and the genus has undergone some taxonomic revision. For information regarding other species and varieties of Horkelia, please refer to Calflora.org or the Jepson Manual.

Horkelia cuneata is a species of flowering plant in the rose family known by the common name wedgeleaf horkelia. It is endemic to California, where it grows in coastal chaparral communities and sandy areas. This is a matting or clumping perennial herb producing erect green or red stems up to 70 centimeters tall. The fernlike green leaves are up to 30 centimeters long and are made up of toothed, oval-shaped leaflets each one or two centimeters long. The foliage and stems are often quite hairy. The flower cluster holds several flowers, each with narrow, pointed leaflets and wider, reflexed sepals. The sepals and five white petals may be tinted with bright pink. The center of the flower holds ten stamens and up to 60 small pistils.

Coast Horkelia (Horkelia cuneata var. cuneata) is a native perennial herb that grows in Southern and Central California, primarily in the Central Coast, the South Coast Range and South Coast regions. It tends to grow in dunes, at elevations from 0-1300 feet.