Antennaria suffrutescens is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names evergreen pussytoes and evergreen everlasting. It is native to southwestern Oregon (Curry + Josephine Counties) and far northeastern California (Humboldt + Del Norte Counties). It grows in coniferous forests in the mountains, sometimes on serpentine soils. Antennaria suffrutescens is a perennial herb producing several erect stems up to about 12 centimeters tall from a woody base. The densely packed leaves at the base of the plant are spoon-shaped with notched tips, woolly on the undersides and about a centimeter long. They are evergreen, remaining on the plant through the seasons. The inflorescence atop each stem bears a single flower head lined with woolly white phyllaries with yellow-green bases. The species is dioecious, meaning that male and female flower heads are borne on separate plants. Female plants bearing slightly larger flower heads containing pistillate flowers, and male plants producing staminate flowers. The fruit is an achene up to a centimeter long, most of which is a long pappus attached to a small hard body.

Antennaria umbrinella is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names umber pussytoes and brown pussytoes. It is native to western North America from southwestern Canada to the Sierra Nevada and southern Rocky Mountains. This is a perennial herb growing erect stems to a maximum height around 16 centimeters from a woody base with spreading stolons. The base is covered in woolly leaves each one to two centimeters long and lance-shaped to spoon-shaped. Each flower cluster holds several flower heads with fuzzy phyllaries which are whitish to brown in color. The plant is dioecious, with males and females producing different flower types in the heads. The fruit is an achene with a hard body 2 millimeters long and a long pappus of hairs up to 5 millimeters long.

Hierochloe odorata or Anthoxanthum nitens, also known as Sweet grass, Holy grass (UK), Bison grass (Poland), Manna grass, Mary' grass, Peace grass, Vanilla grass or Unity grass, is an aromatic herb native to northern Eurasia and North America. It is used in herbal medicine and in the production of distilled beverages (e. g. , Zubrówka, Wisent). It owes its distinctive sweet scent to the presence of coumarin. In North America Hierochloe odorata occurs in southern Canada, northern Great Plains/Rocky Mountains and northwest of U. S. , and New England. In continental Europe it occurs north from Switzerland. There is only one site in Ireland, and it is recorded in four counties of Scotland. Uses. The plant is harvested by cutting grass in early to late summer at the desired length. Hierochloe odorata harvested after the first frost has little or no scent and is less desirable for basketry. Basketweavers sun-dry cut sweet grass until it is dry and brittle. The brittle form of sweet grass must be soaked in warm water until it becomes pliable. The pliable grass is typically braided into thick threads and then redried for use. European traditions.

Hierochloe odorata or Anthoxanthum nitens, also known as sweet grass, buffalo grass, bison grass, holy grass (UK), manna grass, Mary's grass, seneca grass, sweetgrass, or vanilla grass, is an aromatic herb which grows in northern Eurasia and in North America. It is used in herbal medicine and in the production of distilled beverages (e.g., ubrwka, Wisent). It owes its distinctive sweet scent to the presence of coumarin. Very hardy perennial. Native to North America as well as Europe. Grows to about 60 centimeter (24 inches) in height, leaves grow 60 centimeter (24 inches) long by late summer. Bases of leaves, just below soil surface are broad and white, without hairs, underside of leaves are shiny, without hairs.

Hierochloe occidentalis is a species of grass known by the common name California sweetgrass. It is a close relative of the more widely known sweet grass. It is native to the west coast of the United States from Washington to California, where it grows in the coniferous forests of the coastal mountain ranges. This is a rhizomatous perennial grass with leaves up to 30 centimeters long and 1.5 wide. The stem reaches a meter in height with an flower cluster of 7 to 10 centimeters. The spikelets grow on short, wavy stalks and each has three florets with long, protruding stamens during flowering.

Antirrhinum confertiflorum, the ghost flower, is a plant of the family Plantaginaceae. It is a native of the Southwestern United States, southern California, and Northwest Mexico. It is found growing in the arid conditions of the Mojave Desert and the Sonoran Desert (including Colorado Desert), below 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) in elevation. It also grows in those deserts' sky islands habitats. Antirrhinum confertiflorum flowers March to April. This flower, which does not produce nectar, has adapted a morphology resembling the flower Mentzelia involucrata, which often grows in the same habitat. Mentzelia involucrata produces nectar to attract female bees of the genus Xeralictus. In areas where their ranges overlap, Mohavea confertifolia attracts the same pollinators to its flowers through floral mimicry: Mohavea flowers contain marks that resemble female Xeralictus; these marks operate as a sign stimulus to the male bee, which enters the flower and in doing so pollinates the Mohavea.

Antirrhinum cornutum (syn. Sairocarpus cornutus) is an uncommon species of New World snapdragon known by the common name spurred snapdragon. It is endemic to northern California, where it grows in the inland mountains and the northern reaches of the Central Valley. This is an annual herb producing hairy, erect, non-climbing stems. Solitary flowers grow in the leaf axils along the stem. Each hairy-lipped snapdragon flower is purple-veined white and about a centimeter long.

Antirrhinum coulterianum (syn. Sairocarpus coulterianus) is a species of New World snapdragon known by the common name Coulter's snapdragon. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in desert shrublands and in the coastal hills and mountains, especially in areas that have recently burned. This is an annual herb producing an erect stem which often clings to objects or other plants for support. It is mostly hairless, except for the flower cluster at the top, which can be quite woolly. Leaves are sparse and generally linear and there is often a basal rosette of leaves at the base of the stem; this is the only Antirrhinum that forms such a rosette. The top of the mostly naked stem is occupied by a raceme flower cluster of white snapdragon flowers, which are often tinted with lavender or pink, especially when newly opened. Each flower is about a centimeter wide.

Antirrhinum filipes (syn. Neogaerrhinum filipes) is a species of New World snapdragon known by the common name yellow twining snapdragon. It is native to the deserts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. This is a hairless annual herb growing long, thin, vinelike stems which climb on objects, including other plants, for support. The inflorescence is composed of a tendril-like pedicel which may be up to 10 centimeters long and coils tightly to help the plant climb. At its tip is a single snapdragon flower which is bright yellow to gold in color, dotted with dark red, and just over a centimeter long.

Antirrhinum kelloggii (syn. Neogaerrhinum strictum) is a species of New World snapdragon known by the common name Kellogg's snapdragon. It is native to the coastal hills and mountain ranges of California and Baja California, where it grows in many local plant communities, especially in areas that have recently burned. This is a thin, sprawling annual herb which sometimes becomes vine-like, climbing nearby objects or other plants. The inflorescence consists of a solitary flower on a very long, strongly coiling pedicel up to 9 centimeters long. The flower at the tip is a dark-veined purple snapdragon over a centimeter wide. The fruit is a dehiscent capsule containing many bumpy seeds.

Antirrhinum mohavea is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names golden desert-snapdragon and lesser mohavea. It is native to the southwestern United States, including the Mojave Desert and surrounding areas. It is a hairy annual herb growing erect to a maximum height near 20 centimeters. The alternately arranged leaves are lance-shaped. Flowers occur in the leaf axils. They are about 2 centimeters wide and divided into an upper lip with two lobes and a swollen lower lip with three. The flower is yellow with scattered red speckles.

Antirrhinum nuttallianum is a species of New World snapdragon in the Plantaginaceae family known by the common names Nuttall's Snapdragon. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it can be found from the immediate coastline to the inland coastal ranges. This is an annual or biennial herb producing an erect, vinelike stem which sometimes clings to objects for support, but does not twine as tightly as many other snapdragons. The flowers are veined light purple with white patches and around a centimeter long. Each is borne on a short pedicel.

Nuttall's Snapdragon (Antirrhinum nuttallianum ssp. nuttallianum) is a native annual or perennial herb that grows in Southern California, primarily in the South Coast, the Transverse Range and Peninsular Range regions. It tends to grow in dunes and rocky or disturbed or recently burned places, at elevations from 0-4300 feet.

Antirrhinum thompsonii (syn. Sairocarpus multiflorus) is a species of New World snapdragon known by the common name Sierra snapdragon. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the central Coast Ranges, the Transverse Ranges, and one section of the Sierra Nevada foothills. It grows on lower-elevation mountain slopes and springs up in disturbed and recently burned areas. This is an annual or perennial herb producing a hairy, erect stem which often has a woody base. It does not cling or climb like some other snapdragon species. Small, pointed leaves are arranged alternately about the tall stem. The raceme flower cluster occupies the top of the stem with many pink or red snapdragon flowers between one and two centimeters long each.

Antirrhinum virga (syn. Sairocarpus virga) is a species of New World snapdragon known by the common name tall snapdragon. It is endemic to the North Coast Ranges of northern California, where it grows in rocky chaparral, sometimes on serpentine soils. This is a hairless perennial herb producing erect, non-climbing stems from a woody caudex. The inflorescence is a raceme atop the stem filled loosely with pink snapdragon flowers. Each flower is between one and two centimeters long.

Anulocaulis annulatus is a species of flowering plant in the four o'clock family known by the common name valley ringstem. It is endemic to the Mojave Desert of California, especially in the vicinity of Death Valley. This is a perennial herb growing a number of thin, erect stems sometimes exceeding a meter in height from a thick caudex. The smooth stems have darkened internodes at intervals which are glandular and sticky. The leaves are mostly located at the base of the plant. Each has a short petiole and a thick, bumpy blade up to 10 centimeters wide. The leaf is coated in large, stiff hairs with glandular bases. The branching inflorescence bears clusters of very hairy, tubular flowers. Each flower is just under a centimeter long with a greenish throat and a striped pink face. The fruit is a small, hard body about half a centimeter long.

Aphanes occidentalis is a species of plant in the Rosaceae family. It is native to California. There is some confusion about the varieties and species in Aphanes, but the Second Edition of the Jepson Manual recognizes this species. Jepson Manual

Aphanisma is a monotypic genus which contains the sole species Aphanisma blitoides, a rare annual plant known by the common names San Diego coastalcreeper or simply aphanisma. This is a beach-dwelling plant native to the coastline of Baja California and southern California, including the Channel Islands. It is a succulent saline-adapted plant found in sand or scrub at the immediate coastline. It has many thin, sprawling stems, few reduced green leaves, and tiny flowers. The older stems are bright red. This plant is becoming more rare due to the disappearance of its coastal habitat. It is extirpated from much of its native range.

Aphyllon californicum, known by the common name California broomrape, is a species of broomrape. It is a parasitic plant growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually members of the Asteraceae. Aphyllon californicum is native to western North America from British Columbia and Idaho, through California and Nevada, to Baja California. It is found in many types of habitats. It has been noted to be associated with California goldenrod (Solidago californica) and sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). This plant arises from a thick root and grows erect to a maximum height near 35 centimetres (14 in), with one stem or a cluster of several. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. It is light to dark purple in color and coated with glandular hairs. The inflorescence is an elongated or branching array of several flowers. Each flower is tubular, up to 5 centimeters long, and pale pink, yellowish, or purple in color, sometimes with stark veining. The fruit is a capsule containing minute seeds. Subspecies. There are several subspecies, which are sometimes difficult to differentiate. They include:Aphyllon californicum ssp. californica - native to coastal habitats, central California to B. C. , parasitizes Grindelia Aphyllon californicum ssp. feudgei - native to dry areas in southern and eastern California and Baja California mountains, growing on chaparral plants. Aphyllon californicum ssp. grandis - uncommon subspecies, found in coastal areas of Southern California and northern Channel Islands, to San Francisco Bay Area. Aphyllon californicum ssp. grayana - native to moist meadows/stream banks in the San Francisco Bay Area, northern Sierra Nevada, and Modoc Plateau; on Erigeron and Aster Aphyllon californicum ssp. jepsonii - uncommon, native from southern Sierra/San Joaquin Valley/ Santa Barbara County, north to Oregon border; found on assorted Asteraceae. Uses. The Paiute people of eastern California and the Great Basin used a decoction as a cold remedy and pulmonary aid.

Orobanche californica, known by the common name California broomrape, is a species of broomrape. It is a parasitic plant growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually members of the Asteraceae. Orobanche californica is native to western North America from British Columbia and Idaho, through California and Nevada, to Baja California. It is found in many types of habitats. It has been noted to be associated with California goldenrod (Solidago californica) and sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). This plant arises from a thick root and grows erect to a maximum height near 35 centimetres (14 in), with one stem or a cluster of several. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. It is light to dark purple in color and coated with glandular hairs. The inflorescence is an elongated or branching array of several flowers. Each flower is tubular, up to 5 centimeters long, and pale pink, yellowish, or purple in color, sometimes with stark veining. The fruit is a capsule containing minute seeds. Subspecies. There are several subspecies, which are sometimes difficult to differentiate. They include:Orobanche californica ssp. californica - native to coastal habitats, central California to B. C. , parasitizes Grindelia Orobanche californica ssp. feudgei - native to dry areas in southern and eastern California and Baja California mountains, growing on chaparral plants. Aphyllon californicum ssp. grande - uncommon subspecies, found in coastal areas of Southern California and northern Channel Islands, to San Francisco Bay Area. Orobanche californica ssp. grayana - native to moist meadows/stream banks in the San Francisco Bay Area, northern Sierra Nevada, and Modoc Plateau; on Erigeron and Aster Orobanche californica ssp. jepsonii - uncommon, native from southern Sierra/San Joaquin Valley/ Santa Barbara County, north to Oregon border; found on assorted Asteraceae. Uses. The Paiute people of eastern California and the Great Basin used a decoction as a cold remedy and pulmonary aid.

Aphyllon cooperi is a species of broomrape known by the common name Cooper's broomrape desert broomrape, spike broomrape, and burroweed strangler. It is native to the desert regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it is a parasite growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually members of the Asteraceae, such as Artemisia, Hymenoclea, Ambrosia and Encelia. Although not usually weedy, it has been found infesting agricultural cropland, including tomato fields in inland California. This plant arises from a thick root and a scaly, twisted stem base, and produces a thick, clumpy stem up to 40 centimeters tall. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. It is dark purple in color and coated with glandular hairs. The inflorescence is an elongated array of several flowers. Each flower is tubular, purple and hairy, and up to about 3 centimeters long.

Aphyllon corymbosum is a species of broomrape known by the common name flat-top broomrape. It is native to western North America where it is a parasite growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata). It produces a cluster of thick, glandular stems with enlarged bases and stout roots, the hairy stems pale whitish or yellowish, often purple-tinged, and up to 17 centimetres (6. 7 in) tall. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. The inflorescence is a wide array of a few tubular flowers. Each is 2 centimetres (0. 79 in) or 3 centimetres (1. 2 in) long, coated in glandular hairs, and dark-veined pink or purple in color.

Aphyllon fasciculatum is a species of broomrape known by the common name clustered broomrape. It is native to much of western and central North America from Alaska to northern Mexico to the Great Lakes region, where it grows in many types of habitat. It is a parasite growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually members of the Asteraceae, such as Artemisia, Eriodictyon, and Eriogonum. This plant produces one or more stems from a thick root, growing erect to about 20 centimeters in maximum height. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. It is variable in color, often yellowish or purple. The flower cluster is a raceme of up to 20 flowers, each on a pedicel up to 15 centimeters long. Each flower has a calyx of hairy triangular sepals and a tubular corolla 1.5 to 3 centimeters long. The flower is yellowish or purplish in color.

Aphyllon parishii is a species of broomrape known by the common names Parish's broomrape and short-lobed broomrape. It is native to the coast and mountains of California and Baja California, where it is a parasite growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually shrubs of the Asteraceae, such as Menzies' goldenbush (Isocoma menziesii). This plant produces usually one thick, hairy, glandular, pale yellowish stem up to about 26 centimetres (10 in) tall. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. The inflorescence is a dense cluster of flowers accompanied by dark-veined oval bracts. Each flower has a calyx of triangular sepals and a tubular corolla roughly 2 centimetres (0. 8 in) long, pale brownish or pinkish in color with red veining.

Aphyllon pinorum is a species of broomrape known by the common name conifer broomrape. It is native to the forests of western North America, where it is a parasite growing attached to the roots of other plants, usually Holodiscus species. This plant has an erect stem with a wide, thickened base and slender top growing 10-30 centimetres (3. 9-11. 8 in) tall. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll and is brownish or yellowish in color. The inflorescence is a dense, spreading array of purple-tinged yellowish flowers 1-2 centimetres (0. 39-0. 79 in) long.

Aphyllon purpureum, commonly known as oneflowered broomrape, one-flowered cancer root, ghost pipe or naked broomrape, is an annual parasitic herb. It is native to much of North America, where it is a parasitic plant, tapping nutrients from many other species of plants, including those in the Asteraceae and Saxifragaceae families and in the genus Sedum. It grows to a height of five centimeters, and has short (up to 3 centimeter) scaly leaves. The flowers grow singly on 5-15 centimetres (2. 0-5. 9 in) stalks and may be up to 3. 5 centimetres (1. 4 in) long. The corolla is violet to yellow-brown, two-lipped, finely fringed with five similar lobes.

Aphyllon tuberosum is a species of broomrape known by the common name chaparral broomrape. It is native to the chaparral of California and Baja California, where it is a parasite growing attached to the roots of shrubs, usually chamise. This plant arises from a thick root and a bulbous, twisted, scaly stem base, and grows erect to a maximum height near 30 centimeters. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. It is dark purple to nearly black in color, with tiny whitish bumps bearing hairs. The flower cluster is a dense spikelike or pyramid-shaped cluster of generally over 20 flowers. Each flower is tubular, between 1 and 2 centimeters long, and yellow to purple in color. The fruit is a capsule containing minute seeds.

Aphyllon validum is a species of broomrape known by the common name Rock Creek broomrape. It is endemic to California, where its two uncommon subspecies grow in mountainous habitats separated by several hundred miles. Howell's broomrape, ssp. howellii, is limited to the North Coast Ranges north of the San Francisco Bay Area, where it grows in chaparral, often on serpentine soils. The similarly rare subspecies valida is known from only four occurrences in the Transverse Ranges. The plant is a parasite growing attached to the roots of other plants, generally shrubs; ssp. howellii can often be found on Garrya species. The plant produces a hairy, glandular purple stem up to about 35 centimeters tall. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. The inflorescence is a small cluster of tubular purple flowers 1 to 2 centimeters long.

Aphyllon vallicola is a species of broomrape known by the common name hillside broomrape. It is endemic to California, where it is an uncommon member of the flora in forests and woodlands. Aphyllon vallicola is a parasite growing attached to the roots of other plants, generally Sambucus species. The plant produces a thick, hairy, glandular pinkish stem up to about 40 centimeters tall. As a parasite taking its nutrients from a host plant, it lacks leaves and chlorophyll. The inflorescence is a cluster or branching array of flowers. Each tubular flower is up to 3 centimeters long, yellowish to pinkish and red-veined in color.

Apiastrum is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the Apiaceae, containing the single species Apiastrum angustifolium, which is known by the common name mock parsley. It is native to California and Baja California, where it is resident in many types of habitat. This is an annual herb producing a branching stem up to half a meter tall from a taproot. Leaves are plentiful along the stem, each up to about 5 centimeters long and split into many narrow lobes. Several inflorescences arise from the stem, often but not always from leaf axils. The inflorescence is a compound umbel of tiny flowers each with five pointed white petals.

Apocynum androsaemifolium (Fly-trap dogbane, Spreading dogbane) is a flowering plant in the Gentianales order. The plant is common in North America, and is widespread across most of the United States and Canada, and in Alaska, California, and Northeast Mexico. Apocynum androsaemifolium has branching stems, hairs on the underside of the leaves, and no hair on the stems. Milky sap appears on broken stems. Leaf margin is entire and leaf venation is alternate. Its leaves appear as pointed ovals, while its flowers appear terminally on a stalk. The plant is poisonous, due to the cardiac glycosides it contains. Subspecies and Varieties: Subspecies and varieties include: Apocynum androsaemifolium subsp. androsaemifolium - E Canada, W United StatesApocynum androsaemifolium var. griseum (Greene) Bég. & Belosersky - Ontario, British Columbia, Washington State, Oregon, Idaho, Indiana, MichiganApocynum androsaemifolium var. incanum A. DC. - widespread in Canada, United States, NE MexicoApocynum androsaemifolium var. intermedium Woodson - ColoradoApocynum androsaemifolium subsp. pumilum (A. Gray) B. Boivin - British Columbia, Washington State, Oregon, Idaho, California, Utah, Montana, Wyoming, NevadaApocynum androsaemifolium var. tomentellum (Greene) B. Boivin - British Columbia, Washington State, Oregon, Idaho, California, NevadaApocynum androsaemifolium var. woodsonii B. Boivin - Alberta, British Columbia, Washington State, Wyoming, Nevada, Idaho

Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) is a perennial herb in the Apocynaceae (Dogbane) family native across much of North America. It typically grows in open, sunny areas such as streambanks, roadsides, and meadows, especially in moist or seasonally wet soils. As the common name suggests, dogbane is toxic to dogs, livestock, and humans if ingested.

The plant has upright stems that can reach 3 to 5 feet tall and produce clusters of small, pale greenish-white to pink flowers in summer. The leaves are opposite and lance-shaped. Dogbane has a milky sap which can cause blisters if handled without gloves, and spreads aggressively through rhizomes. Traditionally, Indigenous communities use the strong fibers from its stems to make cordage, nets, and other items—hence the name “Indianhemp.”

This plant is useful in restoration and pollinator gardens, as it supports native bees, butterflies, and other insects. However, it can be too vigorous for small garden spaces.

Aquilegia eximia is a species of columbine known by the common name Van Houtte's columbine. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the moist forests of the Coast Ranges. This is a perennial herb growing from a thick caudex and varying in height, reaching a maximum height near 5 feet. The lower leaves are divided into large, leaflike segments up to 1.5 to 2 inches long and a lobed oval in shape. Leaves farther up the stem are not segmented but may be deeply lobed. The flower cluster bears a large, nodding columbine flower. Each flower has five bright red to orange-red flat sepals up to 1 inch long, and five petals which are hollow spurs 0.5 to 1.5 inches long, bright orange-red on the outer surface and lighter orange to yellow inside. The mouth of each hollow petal tube is up to a centimeter wide. The sepals and petals are generally reflexed back toward the stem and the five pistils and many thin stamens extend forward from the center of the flower.

The Western Columbine is also known as the Red or Crimson Columbine because of its attractive red-and-yellow-colored flowers. The blooms are very appealing to hummingbirds. Mature seedheads provide food for finches and other bird species.

This charming wildflower is a member of the buttercup family and grows in moist, shady locations. In the garden, it likes regular water, partial shade, and compost-rich, well-draining soil. It does self-sow, but deadheading will control spreading.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Garden selection of stream side species (Aquilegia formosa).

Aquilegia pubescens is a species of columbine known by the common names Sierra Columbine and Coville's Columbine. It is sometimes called "yellow columbine", but this properly refers to A. flavescens. This wildflower is endemic to California, where it is a resident of the High Sierra. It is found in alpine and subalpine climates. This leafy columbine rarely reaches half a meter in height. The showy flowers are usually erect rather than drooping and are up to a centimeter wide at the mouth. The flower spurs may be up to 4 centimeters long. The sepals and petals are generally yellow, less often white or pink. The Sierra columbine may hybridize with the Crimson Columbine (A. formosa).

Desert Columbine (Aquilegia shockleyi) is a native perennial herb that grows in southern and central California.

Arabis blepharophylla is a species of rock cress known by the common names coast rock cress and rose rock cress. It is endemic to California, growing mostly in the San Francisco Bay Area and nearby low-elevation coast ranges. It is uncommon in the wild but is often grown as an attractive, sweet-scented flowering garden plant. The plant sends up thin, hairy stems from a basal rosette of fuzzy leaves. It bears small flowers with four bright purplish-pink petals. There are several cultivars bred for garden use. Often short lived in gardens.

Grows best in sandy, coarse-grained or other fast draining soil. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Arabis hirsuta, known as hairy rock-cress, is a flowering plant of the genus Arabis in the family Brassicaceae. In previous North American works, it has been broadly defined to include plants native to Europe, Asia, and the northern half of North America, but is now more often restricted to a narrower subgroup restricted to Europe. This erect, 15-60 cm (6-18 inches) high hairy plant is usually unbranched, with a long spike of flowers. Lower leaves form a rosette, the stalkless upper-leaves clasp the stem. The white petals are twice as long as the sepals, flowers June-August. The fruits are cylindrical and pressed close to the stem and the slightly winged seeds are reddish brown. The hairs are stiff and forking. The species grows on chalk slopes, dunes, hedgebanks, walls and rocks.

Holboell's Rock Cress (Arabis holboellii) is a native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It is moderately fast growing and short-lived. It grows in an upright form to a height of 2 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are purple and striking, and bloom in the mid spring. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow at elevations from 1600-11500 feet.