Juncus duranii is an uncommon species of rush known by the common name Duran's rush. It is endemic to southern California, where it is known only from the San Gabriel, San Bernardino, and San Jacinto Mountains. The plant grows in wet habitat in the local forests.

Soft rush (Juncus effusus) is a member of the Juncaceae (Rush) family found growing in wet areas, as indicated by the common name. It is very widespread and native to most continents; for this reason there are a number of native and non-native subspecies and varieties, and numerous synonyms. It grows in large clumps about 1.5 meters (5 feet) tall at the water's edge along streams, ditches and ponds and can be invasive anywhere with moist soil. It is commonly found growing in humus-rich areas such as marshes, ditches, fens, and beaver dams. It can be useful around ornamental ponds and bioswales. It is very easy to grow, and is great native alternative to photinia and raphiolepis.

Horticultural selection from Juncus effusus.

Bog Rush (Juncus effusus var. pacificus) is a native grass that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in wet places, at elevations from - feet.

Juncus ensifolius is a species of rush known by the common name swordleaf rush. It is native to much of western North America from Alaska to central Mexico, and into eastern Canada. It is present in Japan and far eastern Russia, and it has been introduced to many other regions of the world, including Europe, New Zealand, and Australia. It is a plant of wet areas in many types of habitat. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb forming clumps of stems 20 to 60 centimeters tall. The flat but curving leaves are mostly located at the base of the stems and are variable in length. The flower cluster is an array of many rounded clusters of many flowers each. Each flower has a number of dark brown to black petals a few millimeters long and usually three small stamens enclosed between them. The fruit is an oblong capsule with a small beak on the tip.

Falcate Rush (Juncus falcatus) is a native grass that grows in Northern, Southern and Central California, primarily in the North Coast, the Central Coast and South Coast regions. It tends to grow in moist, sandy places, at elevations from 0-300 feet.

Juncus hemiendytus is a species of rush known by the common name Herman's dwarf rush. It is native to the western United States, where it grows in moist places, especially areas that are wet in spring, such as vernal pools. This is a very small annual herb forming dense clumps of hair-thin reddish stems no more than about 3 centimeters tall. The tiny, thready leaves surrounding the stems are up to about 2 centimeters long. Each stem usually bears one reddish flower, which is made up of segments 2 or 3 millimeters long curving around the developing fruit.

Bog Rush (Juncus effusus var. brunneus) is a native grass that grows in Northern, Southern and Central California, primarily in the North Coast, the Central Coast and South Coast regions. It tends to grow in wet places, at elevations from 0-8200 feet.

Juncus howellii is a species of rush known by the common name Howell's rush. It is native to the northwestern United States, where it grows in moist mountain meadows. This is a perennial herb growing from a thick rhizome and producing stems up to about 60 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is a series of clusters of small flowers, each flower with brown or green pointed segments a few millimeters long.

Juncus interior is a species of rush. It is known by the common name interior rush, and in its native range also as "soft rush" (which generally refers to J. effusus outside North America). It is native to the central inlands of North America where it grows in moist areas such as meadows and spring prairies. It can also be found in drier areas.

Juncus kelloggii is a species of rush known by the common name Kellogg's dwarf rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California, where it grows in low, wet spots in meadows and other grassy areas, for example, vernal pools. Juncus kelloggii is a tiny annual herb forming small, dense clumps of hairlike reddish stems no more than a few centimeters tall. The stems are surrounded by a few thready leaves. The inflorescence is a cluster of approximately three flowers atop the small stems. Each flower is made up of a few reddish segments just 2 or 3 millimeters long curved around the developing fruit.

Juncus leiospermus is an uncommon species of rush known by the common name Red Bluff dwarf rush. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the Central Valley and adjacent Sierra Nevada foothills to the east. Juncus leiospermus is a plant of vernal pools and other wet seasonal depressions in the local habitat. It is a small annual herb forming dense clumps of hairlike reddish brown stems no more than 10-11 centimetres (3. 9-4. 3 in) tall. The stems are surrounded by a few thready leaves. Juncus leiospermus is a plant of vernal pools and other wet seasonal depressions in the local habitat. It is a small annual herb forming dense clumps of hairlike reddish brown stems no more than 10-11 centimetres (3. 9-4. 3 in) tall. The stems are surrounded by a few thready leaves. The inflorescence is a single cluster of several reddish flowers atop the small stems.

Juncus longistylis is a species of rush known by the common name longstyle rush. It is native to much of North America, including most of the United States and the southern Canadian provinces. It grows in moist terrestrial habitat, such as mountain meadows. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb forming clumps of slender stems up to about 60 centimeters tall. The flower cluster is made up of one to nine clusters of a few tiny flowers each. The flower is made up of several segments which are green with translucent margins.

Juncus luciensis is a species of rush known by the common name Santa Lucia dwarf rush. It is endemic to California, where it is uncommon. This species is an annual herb growing just a few centimeters tall. It is yellowish green in color. The leaves are up to 1. 5 centimeters long. The inflorescence contains one or two flowers with yellow-green tepals. The fruit is a greenish or sometimes red-tinged capsule containing seeds which are no more than 0. 4 millimeters long.

Juncus macrophyllus is a species of rush known by the common name longleaf rush. It is native to the southwestern United States and Baja California, where it grows in wet spots in several types of local habitat, such as chaparral. Juncus macrophyllus is a rhizomatous perennial herb forming tufts of stems up to one meter tall. The inflorescence is an open array of many clusters of a few flowers each. The flower has several segments each about 5 millimeters long.

Juncus mertensianus is a species of rush known by the common name Mertens' rush. It is native to much of western North America from Alaska to Saskatchewan to New Mexico, where it grows in wet mountainous areas such as riverbanks and alpine meadows. This is a clumping perennial herb growing from a vertical rhizome. Its smooth, flat stems grow to a maximum height near 40 centimeters. Its few leaves are located at the base and also along the stem. The flower cluster is made up of usually one cluster of many flowers. Each flower has shiny dark brown to black petals 3 to 4 millimeters long, six stamens with yellowish anthers, and long reddish stigmas. The fruit is an oblong capsule.

Juncus mexicanus (Mexican Rush) is native to the southwestern quadrant of the United States and parts of Mexico and Central and South America. It is a plant of moist areas in a great number of habitats, from coast to desert to mountain and from sea level to 10,000 ft. It may be found in standing water or saturated soil. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb which varies in appearance. The thin erect stems reach a maximum height anywhere from 10 to 80 centimeters. The leaves grow from the base of the stem and can exceed 20 centimeters in length. The flower cluster usually sprouts from the side of the stem rather than the tip. The flowers grow on long peduncles. Each individual flower has thick petals with longitudinal stripes which vary in color from bright to dark. It has six stamens with very large anthers, and long stigmas. This species is sometimes treated as a variant of Juncus arcticus or Juncus balticus.

Juncus nevadensis is a species of rush known by the common name Sierra rush. It is native to much of western North America from British Columbia to New Mexico, where it grows in wet areas in many habitat types. In California it is found primarily in the Sierras. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb that is variable in appearance. Its thin, smooth stems reach a maximum height between 10 and 70 centimeters. The thin green leaves may be up to 30 centimeters long. The flower clusters generally contain a number of flowers, with each flower bearing dark to very light brown petals, six stamens with large anthers, and very long stigmas. The fruit is a shiny chestnut brown capsule This is a plant for wet areas.

Juncus nodosus is a species of rush known by the common name knotted rush. It is native to much of North America from northern Canada to central Mexico, where it grows in wet places from freshwater to salt marsh habitat. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing slender, smooth stems up to about 60 centimeters tall. The flower cluster is a series of spherical clusters of flowers. Each flower has green or brown pointed segments each a few millimeters long and tapering to a point.

Juncus occidentalis is a species of rush known by the common name western rush. It is native to the western United States, where it grows in wet areas in many types of habitat. This is a bunching perennial herb with thin, stiff stems reaching maximum heights between 30 and 60 centimeters. The wispy leaves grow from the base of the stem and may approach half the stem's length. The flower cluster holds loose bundles of individual flowers and there is usually one long, leaflike leaf extending far past the flowers. Each flower has green-striped brownish to reddish petals each several millimeters long, and six stamens with small anthers. The fruit is a brown capsule which grows encased within the petals.

Juncus orthophyllus is a species of rush known by the common name straightleaf rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California and Nevada, where it grows in moist spots in mountain habitat, such as meadows. This is a perennial herb producing stems up to about half a meter tall from a tough, creeping rhizome. There are several flattened leaves around the stem bases, and sometimes one or more smaller leaves on the stem. The flower cluster is an open array of several clusters of up to 10 flowers each. The flower has rough-textured green segments with brown edges and bristles at the tips.

Juncus oxymeris, common name pointed rush is a species of rush native to the West Coast of North America (British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and California). It occurs in moist areas such as lakeshores, riverbanks, and moist meadows at elevations of 100-2,000 m (330-6,560 ft). Juncus oxymeris is a perennial herb up to 60 cm (2. 0 ft) in height, spreading by underground rhizomes. Leaves are gladiolate, i. e. , flattened with one edge toward the stem, similar to those of Iris or Gladiolus. Flowers are straw-colored, with lanceolate tepals.

Juncus parryi is a species of rush known by the common name Parry's rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia and Alberta to California to Colorado, where it grows in moist and dry spots in mountain habitat, including rocky talus and other areas in the subalpine and alpine climate. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing a dense clump of stems up to about 30 centimeters tall. There are short, thready leaves around the stem bases. The flower cluster is a cluster of flowers accompanied by a long, cylindrical leaf which appears like an extension of the stem. The flower is made up of a few pointed, brown segments with membranous edges.

With its upright growth habit and distinctive flowering stems, Common Rush (Juncus patens) is a grass-like evergreen perennial that adds visual interest to the garden. Common Rush is native to wet, marshy areas of California. It is also found in Oregon and Washington.

The tall, wire-like stems are gray-green in color and grow in clumps that can slowly spread over time.
Common Rush has small golden flower clusters that bloom along the stems, rather than at the tips. After flowering, the plant develops bunches of spherical red fruits.

Common Rush is normally found in areas that are moist year-round, but it is a tough plant that can also grow in areas that are seasonally dry. In the garden, it can be planted near water features but it also does well in dry areas with minimal summer irrigation. Common Rush is often used in lawn replacement applications, where its tall, rigid stems complement low-growing groundcover plants.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade or shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade or shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade or shade in inland sites. Selected for garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade or shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade or shade in inland sites. North Coast, Outer North Coast Ranges, Central Coast, south Coast, n Channel Islands; Baja CA.

Brown Headed Rush (Juncus phaeocephalus var. phaeocephalus) is a native grass that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in moist places, at elevations from 0-7200 feet.

Juncus regelii is a species of rush known by the common name Regel's rush. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Utah, where it grows in moist mountainous habitat, such as meadows. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing a dense clump of flattened stems up to about 60 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is made up of one or more thin or dense clusters of up to 30 flowers each. The flower has narrow, pointed brown to greenish segments.

Juncus rugulosus is a species of rush known by the common name wrinkled rush. It is endemic to California, where it is a common member of the flora in many wet areas, such as marshes and riverbanks. This is a perennial herb growing in thick tufts from a horizontal rhizome. The stem is erect and green and has a distinctive wrinkled, rippled surface. It reaches a maximum height near 70 centimeters. There are few leaves, those growing at the base lacking blades and appearing as sheaths around the stem, and those further up the stem having cylindrical blades. The flower cluster is open, with spreading branches holding many small clusters of a few flowers each. There are small, clear leafs. Each flower has reddish or brownish green petals with thin, transparent margins, and bristles at the tip. There are six stamens. The fruit is a red or brown capsule which is larger than the flower in which it grows.

Juncus saximontanus is a species of rush known by the common name Rocky Mountain rush. It is native to much of western North America from Alaska to central Mexico, where it grows in wet habitat, often in mountainous areas, such as bogs and moist meadows. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing a clump of stems up to about 60 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is made up of several oval or spherical heads containing up to 25 flowers each. The flower has narrow, pointed brown segments not more than about 3 millimeters long. This rush is sometimes treated as a variety of Juncus ensifolius.

Hair Leaved Rush (Juncus supiniformis) is a rare native grass that grows in Northern California, primarily in the North Coast region. It tends to grow in marshes and ponds, at elevations from 0-300 feet.

Juncus tenuis, the slender rush, is a clump-forming, round-stemmed perennial in the Juncaceae (rush family). Slender rush grows to be between 15 and 60 cm tall. Generally considered a weed, it is rarely sold by retailers as a household container plant. Where it is introduced, it is colloquially called path rush, field rush, slender yard rush, poverty rush or wiregrass. The leaves of the plant all come from the base and are not nearly as tall as the stems. The stems are partly covered by sheaths, and have the most distinctive characteristic of the plant on them: clusters or cymes at the top. These cymes consist of branches that have small egg-shaped seed capsules at the end of them. The seeds split into three parts when they become ripe. The plant also spreads via rhizomous root growth. Slender rush grows in landscapes, crops, roadsides, and all types of fields. It can grow on both wet and dry sites, in soils consisting mainly of sand or clay. Because of its high tolerance of compacted soils, it can outcompete other plant species in such places, hence the name "path rush". It is native throughout all fifty states of USA, most of Canada, and parts of northern Europe.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade or shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Juncus textilis is a species of rush known by the common name basket rush. It is endemic to California, where it grows along the coast and in the coastal mountain ranges of the southern half of the state. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing to a maximum height between one and two meters. The stems are cylindrical with faint longitudinal grooves. The leaves lack blades and appear as small brown sheaths around the base of the stems. The long, bushy flower cluster arises from the side of the stem and splits into long branches bearing clusters of many flowers. Each flower is cupped by small, clear leaflets and has pointed greenish brown petals. There are six stamens with large anthers. The fruit is a dark brown, shiny capsule.

This species of rush has been used historically for basket weaving by several Native American peoples of southern California, such as the Cahuilla, Kumeyaay, and Chumash, among others. Juncus textilis is an important plant endemic to California; Chumash people use it today for basket-making as they have been for centuries. The rush is valued for its varied colors, from deep red to sun-dried tan; the stems may be dyed black with sea plants such as Suaeda species and yellow with Psorothamnus emoryi.

Juncus tiehmii is a species of rush known by the common name Nevada rush. It is native to the western United States, where it grows in wet habitat with granite sand substrate, including riverbanks and barren seeps. This is a small annual herb forming dense clumps of hair-thin stems no more than about 6 centimeters high. The inflorescence is made up of one to seven tiny flowers atop each stem. The flowers have a few greenish to pink or red segments no more than about 3 millimeters long.

Juncus torreyi is a species of rush known by the common name Torrey's rush. It is native to North America, where it is widespread. It can be found in many habitats across the southern half of Canada, coast to coast in the United States, and throughout northern Mexico. This is a perennial herb growing from rhizomes with associated tiny tubers. The smooth stems vary in maximum height from 30 centimeters to around a meter. The leaves are green to pink or red and up to 30 centimeters long. The flower clusters have many dense, rounded clusters of up to 100 flowers each. The flower has narrow, pointed greenish, tan, or reddish petals and six stamens. The fruit is a pointed brown capsule.

Juncus triformis is an uncommon species of rush known by the common names Yosemite dwarf rush and long-styled dwarf rush. It is endemic to California, where it grows in wet granite rock habitat covered in thin soil layers, such as vernal pools and seeps. It is known from the Sierra Nevada, Central Valley, and some locations in southern California. This is a small annual herb forming dense clumps of hair-thin red stems up to about 16 centimeters high. The flower cluster is made up of one to eight tiny flowers atop each stem. The flowers have a few greenish to bright red segments no more than 4 or 5 millimeters long.

Juncus uncialis is a species of rush known by the common names twelfth rush and inch-high rush. It is native to the western United States, where it is known from wet habitat such as vernal pools. This is a petite annual herb forming dense clumps of hair-thin green stems no more than 3 or 4 centimeters high. The inflorescence is made up of a single tiny flower atop each stem. The flower has several reddish segments about 2 to 5 millimeters long wrapped around the developing fruit.

Juncus xiphioides is a species of rush known by the common name irisleaf rush. It is native to the southwestern United States and Baja California where it grows in wet areas in many habitat types. This is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing erect stems to a maximum height between about 40 and 80 centimeters. It has wide leaf blades for a rush, often exceeding one centimeter in width at the base. The few straw-colored leaves reach up to 40 centimeters in length. The large flower cluster has many clusters of up to 70 flowers each. The flower has very narrow green, red, or yellow-brown, lance-shaped petals and six stamens with very small anthers. The fruit is a brown oblong capsule.

Juniperus californica (California Juniper) is a species in the Cupressaceae (Cypress) family native to southwestern North America; as the name implies, it is mainly found in California, but also extends through most of Baja California, and a short distance into southern Nevada and western Arizona. It grows at moderate altitudes of 750-1,600 meter. It is a shrub or small tree reaching 3-8 meter (rarely to 10 meter) tall. It is much branched from the base. The shoots are fairly thick compared to most junipers, 1.5-2 millimeter diameter. The leaves are arranged in opposite decussate pairs or whorls of three; the adult leaves are scale-like, 1-2 millimeter long (to 5 millimeter on lead shoots) and 1-1.5 millimeter broad. The juvenile leaves (on young seedlings only) are needle-like, 5-10 millimeter long. The cones are berry-like, 7-13 millimeter in diameter, blue-brown with a whitish waxy bloom, and contain a single seed (rarely two or three); they are mature in about 8-9 months. The male cones are 2-4 millimeter long, and shed their pollen in early spring. It is largely dioecious producing cones of only one sex, but around 2% of plants are monoecious, with both sexes on the same plant. The bark is typically thin and appears to be "shredded." In the garden this plant is tolerant of many soils and requires minimal water once established. It becomes wider than tall so give it plenty of room.

Juniperus communis, Dwarf or Common Juniper, is a species in the genus Juniperus, in the family Cupressaceae. It has the largest range of any woody plant, throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic south in mountains to around 30N latitude in North America, Europe and Asia. It is found in the understory of forests and woodlands, and also beyond the northern limit of trees. In California it is found in the Sierras and in Del Norte and Siskyou Counties. It is a shrub or small tree, highly variable and usually a low spreading shrub, but occasionally reaching 10 meter tall. Common Juniper has needle-like leaves in whorls of three; the leaves are green, with a single white band on the inner surface. It is dioecious, with male and female cones on separate plants, which are wind pollinated. The seed cones are berry-like, green ripening in 18 months to purple-black with a blue waxy coating; they are spherical, 4-12 millimeter diameter, and usually have three (occasionally six) fused scales, each scale with a single seed. The seeds are dispersed when birds eat the cones, digesting the fleshy scales and passing the hard seeds in their droppings. The male cones are yellow, 2-3 millimeter long, and fall soon after shedding their pollen in March-April.

Dwarf Juniper makes an attractive accent in woodland gardens. Although it is native to higher elevations, it appears to accept lower elevation as long as adequate water is provided.