Pseudobahia heermannii is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names foothill sunburst and brittlestem. It is endemic to California, where it occurs in grassland, chaparral, woodlands, and other habitat in the Sierra Nevada foothills and a section of the Central Coast Ranges.

Pseudobahia peirsonii is a rare species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names San Joaquin adobe sunburst and Tulare pseudobahia. It is endemic to California, where it is known from a few mostly small occurrences along the southeastern side of the San Joaquin Valley where it rises into the Sierra Nevada foothills. It grows in grassland and oak woodland habitat. It prefers heavy adobe clay soils. The plant became a federally listed threatened of the United States in 1997. This species is an annual herb growing 20 to 70 centimeters tall. It has a thin coating of woolly hairs. The leaves are up to 6 centimeters long and are generally divided into a few leaflets which are subdivided into lobed segments. The inflorescence is a solitary flower head lined with about eight phyllaries which are fused at the base, making the involucre a rounded cup with pointed lobes. There are about 8 golden ray florets. At the center of the head are yellow disc florets.

Fragrant Everlasting (Gnaphalium canescens ssp. beneolens) is a native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow at elevations from 0-8700 feet.

Bicolored Everlasting (Gnaphalium bicolor) is a native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in dry places, at elevations from 0-7500 feet.

California Cudweed (Pseudognaphalium californicum) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family. It is native to the west coast of North America from Washington to Baja California, where it is a member of the flora of many habitats, including chaparral. In California it is most often found near the coast from Sonoma County southward and in the Sierra foothills.

This is an annual or biennial herb with branching stems. Its green herbage is hairy, sticky and scented. The flower head is a wide cluster of flowers, each enveloped in ringed rows of bright white. The flowers are very long lasting when dried and are used in flower arrangements.

Classification is disputed between the genera Pseudognaphalium and Gnaphalium, but it is presently classified as Pseudognaphlium. Also, some sources refer to this plant as Pearly Everlasting, but that's actually the common name of a different species (Anaphlis margaritacea). California Cudweed would work best in an informal garden or wildscape. It re-seeds prolifically, so be prepared to pull seedlings from areas where it is not wanted.

Pseudognaphalium canescens (syn. Gnaphalium canescens) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family known by the common name Wright's Cudweed. It is native to western North America from western Canada to northern Mexico. It can be found in many habitats, from mountains to plateau to coastline. The many-branched stem is erect to a maximum height of around a meter. It is gray-green and woolly with many narrow leaves. Atop the stem branches are flower clusters of several pointed oval-shaped pale yellowish, cream, or white flower heads. Each woolly head is a few millimeters across and contains many tiny disc florets. This plant is seldom seen in gardens but is useful for restoration projects.

Gnaphalium macounii is a native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow at elevations from 0-8700 feet.

White Everlasting (Gnaphalium canescens ssp. microcephalum) is a native perennial herb in the Asteraceae (Sunflower) family that grows primarily in southern California, along the central coast, and in the Sierras. It tends to grow at elevations from sea level to 6,500 feet. Like other members of this genus, the flowers are very long-lasting when dried and are used in flower arrangements. It is the larval host plant for the American lady butterfly. Fuzzy greenish-white leaves and stems sometimes visited by Woolcarder Bees, who harvest the fuzz to build their nests. Flowers very long lasting and good in dried flower arrangements. Pioneer species along with native grasses and lotus (Acmispon) species.

Chilean Cudweed (Gnaphalium stramineum) is a native annual or perennial herb that grows in central California.

Pseudorontium is a genus of flowering plants with one species, Pseudorontium cyathiferum (syn. Antirrhinum cyathiferum), a New World snapdragon known by the common names dog's-mouth and Deep Canyon snapdragon. It is native to the deserts of northern Mexico and adjacent California and Arizona. It is an annual herb producing a hairy, erect, non-climbing stem with many oval-shaped leaves. The solitary flowers are dark-veined deep purple and white, often with some yellow in the throat, and are about a centimeter long. Previously considered to belong among the New World Antirrhinum species, it is now considered the sole member of the related genus Pseudorontium.

Pseudotrillium rivale is a species of the Trilliaceae family. It is the only species in the genus Pseudotrillium. P. rivale occurs in the Siskiyou Mountains of Oregon and California, often on soils of ultramafic origin. This spring-flowering herb grows 4-15 centimeter tall; its single flower has purple spots on its three petals, which are otherwise white.

The Bigcone Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga macrocarpa) is an evergreen conifer native to the mountains of southern California, occurring from the San Rafael Mountains in central Santa Barbara County and the southwest of the Tehachapi Mountains of southwestern Kern County, south to Julian in San Diego County. It is notable for having the largest (by far) cones in its genus, hence the name. Bigcone Douglas-fir typically grows from 15-30 meter (50-100 feet) in height and 0.5-1.5 meter (2-5 feet) in trunk diameter. The growth form is straight, with a conical crown from 12-30 meter (40-100 feet) broad, and a strong and spreading root system. The bark is deeply ridged, composed of thin, woodlike plates separating heavy layers of cork; bark of trees over 1 meter (3 feet) in diameter is from 15-20 centimeter (6-8 inches) thick. The main branches are long and spreading with pendulous side shoots.

Douglas Fir or Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii, is an evergreen conifer native to the coastal regions of western North America, from central California north through Oregon and Washington to British Columbia, Canada. In California, it is found in the Klamath Mountains and the Cascade Range, the California Coast Ranges as far south as the Santa Lucia Mountains in Monterey County, and the Sierra Nevada as far south as the Huntington Lake region in Fresno County.

In California the Douglas Fir and its variety named Coast Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) occur from near sea level along the coast to 5,900 feet (1800 m) in the Sierra Nevada. Eastward they are replaced by its variety named Rocky Mountain Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca). Its variety named Mexican Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. lindleyana) is endemic to central and northern montane Mexico.

Douglas Firs commonly live more than 500 years and occasionally more than 1,000 years. The species name, menziesii, honors Archibald Menzies, the first European botanist to document it (1791). The common name honors botanist David Douglas, who introduced it into cultivation (1827). Douglas Firs are commercially important for lumber.

Due to their robust mature size Douglas Fir trees are not frequently planted in small to mid-size residential gardens. Since they can get exceptionally large they need to be provided with plenty of space to grow above and below ground.
Douglas Firs are the second-tallest conifer species in the world after Coast Redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens). Trees 200-250 feet (60-75 meters) in height and trunks 5-6.6 feet (1.5-2 m) in diameter are common in old growth forests. Maximum heights of 330-390 feet (100-120 m) and trunk diameters of 15-20 feet (4.5-6 m) were historically documented. The "Doerner Fir" in Oregon is the tallest known currently living Douglas Fir at 326 ft. (99.4 m) tall; and the "Queets Fir" in Olympic National Park has the widest known currently living trunk at 16 ft. (4.85 m) in diameter.

The Coast Douglas Fir or Coast Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii, is an evergreen conifer variety of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) native to western North America, from central California north through Oregon and Washington to British Columbia, Canada. In California, it is found in the Klamath Mountains and the Cascade Range, the California Coast Ranges as far south as the Santa Lucia Mountains in San Luis Obispo County, the Sierra Nevada as far south as the Yosemite region, and a southernmost small stand in the Purisima Hills of Santa Barbara County.

In California the Coast Douglas Fir variety and species Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) occur from near sea level along the coast to 5,900 feet (1800 m) in the Sierra Nevada. Eastward they are replaced by the variety named Rocky Mountain Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca). The variety named Mexican Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. lindleyana) is endemic to central and northern montane Mexico.

Coast Douglas Fir trees are not frequently planted in residential gardens, they get very large and need to be provided with substantial space to grow. Douglas Firs are the second-tallest conifer species in the world after Coast Redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens). Trees 200-250 feet (60-75 meters) in height and trunks 5-6.6 feet (1.5-2 m) in diameter are common in old growth forests. Coast Douglas Fir commonly lives more than 500 years and occasionally more than 1,000 years.

Psilocarphus brevissimus is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names short woollyheads, woolly marbles, and woolly heads. The plant is native to western North America - from southwestern Canada, through California, to northwestern Mexico, as well as in southern South America. It grows in moist flats such as vernal pools, wetlands, and similar areas. It is found from sea level to 8,202 feet (2,500 m). Psilocarphus brevissimus is a small, woolly annual herb growing just a few centimeters tall with a branching stem or multiple stems. The small, gray-green leaves are erect, pointing up parallel to the stem and sometimes appressed to it. The inflorescence is a small, spherical flower head which is a cluster of several tiny woolly disc flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts but no phyllaries. Each tiny flower is covered in a scale which is densely woolly with long white fibers, making the developing head appear cottony. Varieties: There are two varieties of Psilocarphus brevissimus:Psilocarphus brevissimus var. brevissimus - formerly Psilocarphus globiferusPsilocarphus brevissimus var. multiflorus (Delta woolly marbles) - limited to the Sacramento - San Joaquin River Delta and surrounding parts of the Central Valley of California. This is an uncommon plant associated with vernal pools.

Psilocarphus elatior is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names tall woollyheads, meadow woollyheads and tall woolly-marbles. It is native to the Pacific Northwest in western North America from Vancouver Island, where it is known from just a few occurrences, to northern California. It grows in seasonally moist spots such as meadows, spring seeps, and vernal pools. This is a small erect annual herb growing up to about 15 centimeters tall with a pale silvery or gray-green branching stem coated in woolly or cobwebby fibers. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped and up to about 3. 5 centimeters long. They are located along the stem and there are no basal leaves.

Psilocarphus oregonus is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names Oregon woollyheads and Oregon woolly marbles. It is native to western North America from Washington and Idaho to Baja California, where it grows in seasonally wet habitat, such as vernal pools. This is a small annual herb producing several stems just a few centimeters long which are coated in silvery or woolly fibers. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped and up to 2 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a small, spherical flower head only about half a centimeter wide. It is a cluster of several tiny woolly disc flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts but no phyllaries. Each tiny flower is covered in a scale which is densely woolly with long white fibers, making the developing head appear cottony. This is a small annual herb producing several stems just a few centimeters long which are coated in silvery or woolly fibers. The leaves are linear or lance-shaped and up to 2 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a small, spherical flower head only about half a centimeter wide. It is a cluster of several tiny woolly disc flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts but no phyllaries. Each tiny flower is covered in a scale which is densely woolly with long white fibers, making the developing head appear cottony.

Psilocarphus tenellus is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names slender woollyheads and slender woolly marbles. It is native to western North America from far southwestern British Columbia to Baja California, where it grows in seasonally wet habitat, such as vernal pools, as well as coastline and disturbed areas. This is a small annual herb producing several stems a few centimeters long which are coated in thin to thick woolly fibers. The leaves are lance-shaped to oblong and under 2 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a spherical flower head no more than half a centimeter wide. It is a cluster of several tiny woolly disc flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts but no phyllaries. Each tiny flower is covered in a scale which is densely woolly with long white fibers, making the developing head appear cottony. This is a small annual herb producing several stems a few centimeters long which are coated in thin to thick woolly fibers. The leaves are lance-shaped to oblong and under 2 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a spherical flower head no more than half a centimeter wide. It is a cluster of several tiny woolly disc flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts but no phyllaries. Each tiny flower is covered in a scale which is densely woolly with long white fibers, making the developing head appear cottony.

Psilostrophe cooperi is a flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names Cooper's paper daisy and whitestem paperflower. It is native to the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts of the United States and Mexico. This is a low, spreading bush with pale green, hairy foliage. The daisylike flower heads have 3 to 8 deeply toothed golden-yellow ray florets. The flower heads are often bunched together at the tops of the stems in a rounded spray. The flowers persist for a time and then dry and become papery while maintaining their yellow color.

Psorothamnus arborescens is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name Mojave indigo bush. Psorothamnus arborescens is native to southwestern North America, where it can be found in many types of desert and dry mountainous habitats. It grows at 100-1,900 metres (330-6,230 ft) in elevation. It is found in the Californian Mojave Desert and Colorado Desert, south into the Sonoran Desert in Northwest Mexico, east past the Sierra Nevada into the Nevada Great Basin desert, and west into the San Bernardino Mountains of Southern California. Psorothamnus arborescens is a shrub growing no more than 1 metre (3. 3 ft) tall, its highly branching stems sometimes with thorns. The leaves are each made up of a few pairs of green linear to oval leaflets up to a centimeter in length. The inflorescence is a long raceme of many flowers with reddish green calyces of sepals and bright purple pealike corollas up to a centimeter long. The fruit is a glandular legume pod up to a centimeter long containing one seed. Varieties: The varieties of this species are generally similar in appearance but more restricted in distribution:Psorothamnus arborescens var. arborescens (syn: Dalea fremontii var. saundersii (Parish) Munz) - southwestern Mojave Desert, 400-800 metres (1,300-2,600 ft) elevation. Psorothamnus arborescens var. minutifolius - White and Inyo Mountains, Mojave sky islands, east of Sierra Nevada, 150-1,900 metres (490-6,230 ft) elevation.

Psorothamnus emoryi, syn. Dalea emoryi, common names dyebush, white dalea, or Emory's indigo bush, is a perennial legume shrub or subshrub common to the desert mesas of the southern part of the U. S. states of Arizona and California, and regions of the Mexican state of Baja California. The Psorothamnus emoryi shrub grows to 3-4 feet (1 m). The leaves are hairy and grayish white, a color helping reflect sunlight. The Psorothamnus emoryi shrub grows to 3-4 feet (1 m). The leaves are hairy and grayish white, a color helping reflect sunlight. It has terminal clusters of purple and white pea-like flower. It flowers from March to June, and persists until the hottest and driest weather prevails near early or midsummer. Uses. The plant is fragrant and oily and has been used for dyes and stains.

Psorothamnus fremontii, the Frémont's dalea or Frémont's indigo bush - after John C. Frémont, is a perennial legume shrub. Psorothamnus fremontii is common to the Southwestern United States and Northwest Mexico - in the states of California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona, Sonora, and Baja California. Psorothamnus fremontii is common to the Southwestern United States and Northwest Mexico - in the states of California, Nevada, Utah, and Arizona, Sonora, and Baja California. The plant is found in the Sonoran Deserts, including the Colorado Desert, the Great Basin Deserts, and in the Mojave Desert sky islands, from 250-1,350 metres (820-4,430 ft) in elevation.

Psorothamnus polydenius is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names Nevada dalea and Nevada indigobush. It is native to the deserts of the southwestern United States from the Mojave Desert in California to Utah. Psorothamnus polydenius is a shrub sometimes exceeding one meter in height. Its highly branching stems taper to twigs coated in soft, rough, or silky hairs and visible glands. The small leaves are each made up of a few pairs of oval or rounded leaflets each a few millimeters long. Psorothamnus polydenius is a shrub sometimes exceeding one meter in height. Its highly branching stems taper to twigs coated in soft, rough, or silky hairs and visible glands. The small leaves are each made up of a few pairs of oval or rounded leaflets each a few millimeters long. The inflorescence is a dense raceme or spikelike cluster of several flowers. Each flower has a pinkish purple pealike corolla about half a centimeter long in a glandular calyx of sepals with pointed lobes. The fruit is a small legume pod containing one seed. One variety of this species, Psorothamnus polydenius var. jonesii, is endemic to Utah.

Psorothamnus schottii is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name Schott's dalea. It is native to the Sonoran Deserts of northern Mexico and adjacent sections of Arizona and the Colorado Desert in California. Psorothamnus schottii is a shrub approaching two meters in maximum height. Its highly branching stems are green to woolly gray-green and glandular. The gland-pitted linear leaves are up to 3 centimeters long and not divided into leaflets. Psorothamnus schottii is a shrub approaching two meters in maximum height. Its highly branching stems are green to woolly gray-green and glandular. The gland-pitted linear leaves are up to 3 centimeters long and not divided into leaflets. The inflorescence is an open raceme of up to 15 flowers. Each flower has a deep purple blue pealike corolla up to a centimeter long in a glandular tubular calyx of sepals with pointed lobes. The fruit is a legume pod coated in glands and containing on

The Smokethorn (Psorothamnus spinosus) is a perennial legume tree common to the desert washes of the southern part of California, Arizona, and most of Baja California. The Smokethorn is also common to Joshua Tree National Park, where it is called the Smoketree. The twigs of the Smokethorn are slender and densely covered with fine whitish hairs. The flowers are lateral clusters of purple in June, with small seeded pea pods as its fruit.

California Hoptree (Ptelea crenulata) is a slow-growing drought-adapted deciduous tree, reaching up to 16 feet tall. California Hoptree naturally grows in chaparral and woodlands habitats. Known for its dense foliage, with glossy, deep green leaves, California Hoptree makes a great hedge or privacy screen.California Hoptree is typically an understory plant, so does best in partial sun with minimal irrigation. In the spring, many clusters of fragrant cream-colored flowers appear, attracting butterflies and native bees.

Brackens (Pteridium) are a genus comprising several species of large, coarse ferns. Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants that produce spores and small plants that produce sex cells (eggs and sperm). Brackens are in the family Dennstaedtiaceae, which are noted for their large, highly divided leaves. They are commonly found on moorland. Brackens are cosmopolitan, being found on all continents except Antarctica and in all environments except deserts. The genus probably has the widest distribution of any fern genus in the world. In the past, the genus was commonly treated as having only one species, Pteridium aquilinum, but the recent trend is to subdivide it into about ten species.

Hairy Brackenfern (Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens) is a native fern that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in meadows and woodlands and slopes, at elevations from 0-10000 feet.

Pinedrops is the common name for the plant Pterospora andromedea of the family Ericaceae; it is the only species in the genus Pterospora. It grows in coniferous or mixed forests in heavy soil. It is native to North America from southern Canada to the mountains of Mexico and is most commonly found in the western half of the continent, though small populations are found in the northeast United States and eastern Canada. The visible portion of Pterospora andromedea is an unbranched flower spike (raceme) generally 30-100 centimeter in height, though it has been reported to occasionally attain a height of 2 meters. The above-ground stalks are usually found in small clusters between June and August. The stalks are hairy and feel somewhat sticky to the touch. They have scale-like structures that are described by some authorities as vestigial leaves or sterile leafs. The upper portion of the red stalk has a series of yellowish, bell-shaped flowers that face downward.

Pterostegia is a monotypic plant genus containing only the single species Pterostegia drymarioides, which is known as the woodland threadstem, woodland pterostegia, fairy mist, or fairy bowties. The plant is native to the western United States, California, Baja California, and Northwestern Mexico. The plant is most commonly found carpeting the ground in shady areas, such as in the understory of a cool forest or chaparral woodlands. It sometimes grows hidden from view beneath other plants. It also is found in shaded areas of desert habitats. Pterostegia drymarioides is a very small annual spreading or climbing plant with very thin, hairy stems. The tiny leaves are lobed or heart-shaped and may be green or pink. The plant may sprawl across the ground in a thin layer or may form small patches here and there. The plant bears tiny bright pink flowers.

Puccinellia howellii is a rare species of grass known by the common name Howell's alkaligrass. It is endemic to Shasta County, California, where it is known from a single population in Whiskeytown National Recreation Area near Whiskeytown. Its entire population is contained in a 1-acre (4,000 m2) complex of three saline mineral springs directly next to Highway 299. The grass was first described to science in 1990 and no other populations were discovered despite extensive searches of the area. Puccinellia howellii is perennial bunchgrass, and grows in clumpy monotypic stands of stems up to 60 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is an array of branches a few centimeters long, the lower ones reflexed as the fruit matures. The grass reproduces only by seed, and seed is not produced until the individual is two years old or more. The plants are mostly dormant during warm months when the soil salinity is highest, and the seed germinates during wet seasons when water flow dilutes the salt. The single population of the grass is made up of several thousand individuals, a dominant species of the vegetation in this tiny network of mineral springs. It grows alongside other halophytes such as saltgrass (Distichlis spicata) and seaside arrowgrass (Triglochin maritima). Threats to this already extremely rare grass include polluted surface runoff from the highway which is just steps away from its habitat, alterations in the specific moisture, pH, and salinity requirements of the plant season by season, and changes in the sediment amounts entering the habitat by water flow. In this habitat, freshwater is considered a pollutant, because it reduces the salinity too much for the grass to survive; management plans highlight the importance of diverting freshwater away from the springs. Other threats include grazing by black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus), garbage from the road, and random events that could affect the entire population.

Puccinellia lemmonii is a species of grass known by the common name Lemmon's alkaligrass. It is native to western North America, particularly the northwestern United States, where it grows in moist, saline soils. It is a perennial bunchgrass forming clumps of stems up to 40 centimeters in maximum height with narrow, almost hairlike leaves located around the bases. The inflorescence is a spreading array of a few branches containing rough-haired spikelets.

Puccinellia nutkaensis is a species of grass known by the common names Nootka alkaligrass and Alaska alkali grass. It is native to North America from Alaska across northern Canada to Greenland and Nova Scotia, and down the west coast of the United States to the Central Coast of California. Puccinellia nutkaensis is a perennial bunchgrass which is quite variable in appearance, taking a petite, clumpy form or growing erect to 90 centimeters in height with robust inflorescences. It sometimes roots at stem nodes that become buried in moist substrate, and forms dense stands. A species of leafhopper, Macrosteles fascifrons, is associated with this grass in Alaska, remaining on the grass even when it is submerged amid icebergs.

Nuttall's Alkali Grass (Puccinellia nuttalliana) is a native grass that grows in northern, southern and central California. It is fast growing and short-lived. It grows in an upright form to a height of 0.8 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are yellow and bloom in the late spring. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow in saline meadows and flats, at elevations from 0-7500 feet.

Puccinellia parishii is an uncommon species of grass known by the common names bog alkaligrass and Parish's alkali grass. It is native to the western United States, where it is known from a few locations in Arizona and New Mexico, and one occurrence each in California and Colorado. It grows in wet and seasonally wet habitat with alkali soils such as mineral springs. It is an annual bunchgrass with erect stems growing to 20 to 22 centimetres (7. 9 to 8. 7 in) in maximum height with very narrow, firm leaves around the bases. The inflorescence is a small array of a few narrow branches bearing spikelets.

Puccinellia pumila is a species of grass known by the common names dwarf akaligrass and smooth alkali grass. It is native to North America where it grows along the coastline in the northern latitudes, from Alaska across Arctic northern Canada to Greenland. It occurs on the coast of the Pacific Northwest in the United States and it is known from the Kamchatka Peninsula. The grass is only found on the coast, in wetland habitat, beaches, and areas inundated by the highest tides, in saline sand and mud. This perennial grass grows decumbent or erect to a maximum height near 40 centimeters, often remaining much smaller, especially in harsh habitat. It may root at stem nodes which become buried in wet substrate. The inflorescence is a dense or open array of branches bearing spikelets.

Puccinellia simplex is a species of grass known by the common names California alkaligrass and western alkali grass. It is native to California, where it grows in mineral springs and other moist habitat with saline soils in the Central Valley, Mojave Desert, and other areas. It is also known from Utah, but occurrences there are probably introduced. This annual grass grows up to about 25 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is generally a linear structure with parallel branches bearing small spikelets.

Purshia mexicana is a species of perennial flowering small tree in the rose family known by the common name Mexican cliffrose. It is native to western-northern Mexico, the region of the Sierra Madre Occidental cordillera. A different phase which was published as var. stansburyana (but should have been stansburiana) and which is now treated as Purshia stansburyana occurs in the southwestern United States, centered on the Colorado Plateau regions of Utah-Colorado, and Arizona-New Mexico; also much of the Great Basin mountains to the west. The range of Mexican Cliffrose is from the western Mexican Plateau in the south, and the southern Sierra Madre Occidental cordillera north to a small region of northwest Sonora; it has a continuous range in the cordillera from Chihuahua south through Durango and Zacatecas, all mostly north of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, though a few scattered locales do occur in the belt. In the United States, the range is centered on the Colorado Plateau mostly of central and southern Utah, central and northern Arizona, the entire desert and rock-formation Canyon Lands region; the range continues east into southwest Colorado and neighboring western New Mexico. The range continues westwards into the Great Basin desert regions, and southwest into the Mojave Desert including eastern California; scattered locales occur in central New Mexico, and possibly central Baja California.

Purshia stansburyana (previously P. stansburiana but due to a 2006 rule change under the ICBN, the last letter has been restored since the plant was named in honor of Howard Stansbury) is a species of flowering plant in the rose family known by the common name Stansbury's cliffrose. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in woodlands, desert, and plateau habitat. It often grows anchored on cliffs and prefers rocky, granular soils, especially limestone. Purshia stansburyana is a shrub generally growing up to about one to three meters tall, known to approach 4 meters to up to 8 meters in exceptional circumstances, becoming somewhat treelike. It easily hybridizes with other Purshia species. It is covered in shreddy bark. The small, very thick, glandular leaves are divided into several lobes which may be divided into sub-lobes. The leaves on the upper side are dotted with punctures, i. e. are punctate. The shrub blooms abundantly in white or cream-colored flowers with clawed petals. Blooming continues from spring until the first frost. The fruit is an achene, a long plumelike structure up to 6 centimeters long. The plume is dispersed on the wind and by animals such as rodents. The shrub is drought-tolerant and the seedlings may actually survive better in years of below average precipitation. The Stansbury's cliffrose shrub provides valuable browse for many wild ungulates, including elk, mule deer, and desert bighorn sheep, as well as livestock. Many birds and rodents consume the seeds, with rodents caching them underground, where they may sprout later. It is used for revegetation projects in degraded habitat in its native region, and as an ornamental. It was used by Native American groups for a variety of purposes, the bark being worked into fiber for clothing, bedding, and rope, and the branches being made into arrows.

Purshia tridentata is a nitrogen fixing shrub in the Rose family, native to mountainous areas of western North America ranging from southeastern British Columbia in the north, east to Montana and south to California and New Mexico. It grows on arid mountainsides; in California it occurs between 700-3,400 meter above sea level (Jepson) in the southern mountains and into the eastern Sierras, but lower further north, at 320-1,065 meter from the Cascades up to British Columbia (Plants of British Columbia). Common names include Antelope Brush, Antelope Bitterbrush, Buckbrush, Quinine Brush, and less commonly Deerbrush, Blackbrush, and Greasewood. Some of these names are shared with other closely related species. There are two recognized Varieties: Var. tridentata is generally found from Tulare County northward. Var. glandulosa is generally found from Mono County southward. This is an attractive plant for dry, mountainous areas and very important for wildlife. Although it is native to arid places, it can tolerate garden conditions as long as drainage is good.

Desert Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata var. glandulosa) is a native shrub that grows in southern and central California. It tends to grow in , at elevations from 2800-9000 feet.

Antelope Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata var. tridentata) is a native shrub that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in , at elevations from 3000-11200 feet.

Pycnanthemum californicum is a species of flowering plant in the mint family known by the common name Sierra mint. It is endemic to California, where it grows in mountains and foothills throughout the state, in chaparral, woodland, forest, and other habitat. It is a perennial herb growing erect one half to one meter in height, with hairless to fuzzy, aromatic herbage. The oppositely arranged leaves are lance-shaped to nearly oval, each a few centimeters long. The inflorescences are located in clusters about the stem just above each upper pair of leaves. Each flower has a whitish upper lip and a purplish lower lip, sometimes with spots.

Pyrola asarifolia, commonly known as liverleaf wintergreen, bog wintergreen or pink wintergreen, is a plant species of the genus Pyrola native to western North America. It is found primarily on forest margins at mid latitude in the Pacific Northwest and northern California. It is so named simply because its leaves maintain their green color through winter. This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (June 2015)Cultivation. This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (June 2015)